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The Cold War > Topic 1 > Flashcards

Topic 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Tehreran Conference

A

1943
Stalin wanted a 2nd Western Front.
Roosevelt promised an invasion (1944 D-Day.)
Reconstruction of Europe.
Big 3- Eastern Europe= sphere of influence. Western Europe= capitalist sphere of influence.
Stalin wanted Germany to pay compensation.

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2
Q

Yalta Conference

A

1945
Stalin helped the USA fight Japan.
Negotiations about dividing Germany.
Roosevelt & Churchill agree to build a communist government if Greece is left alone.
The Declaration of the Liberation of Europe. SU, GB & USA work for democracy in Europe.
UN creation agreed.

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3
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

1945
Truman is a firm anti-communist.
Agreed to; ban Nazi’s, make survivors war criminals.
USA atomic bomb worked & Truman dictated the conference.
Stalin started a buffer zone.
Germany split into 4 zones.

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4
Q

The Long Telegram

A

American Ambassador in Moscow
1946
Stalin made a speech against capitalism.
USSR is building a military.

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5
Q

Novikov’s Telegram

A 
SU Ambassador in USA
1946
USA wants to dominate the world.
After Roosevelt died the USA & SU didn't cooperate.
The USA public prepared for war vs SU
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6
Q

Greece

A

Civil War between capitalist monarchy & the communists.
1945- GB troops help the capitalists.
USSR tried to take Greece by force.
1947- GB take out their troops but Truman paid GB to stay & stop the communists.

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7
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

1947
Policy to contain communism.
He feared communism would be popular in Europe.
Said they had a choice between ‘communist tyranny’ & ‘democratic freedom.’
The world was divided in 2- Cold War begun.

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8
Q

Marshall Plan

A

1947
Committed $13 billion to rebuild economy.
Boost USA economy.
For countries to join they must trade with the USA and be capitalist.

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9
Q

Comniform

A

1947
Bring communist parties under USSR control.
Removed disloyal people.

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10
Q

Comecon

A

USSRs Marshall Plan
1947
Encourage economic development in E. Europe.
Prevent Western Trade.
Minimise USA influence.
Benefits economic growth in the sphere of influence.

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11
Q

Paris Conference

A

1948
European leaders discussed USAs offered.
USSR walked out.
Sphere of influence rejected.

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12
Q

When was the Berlin Blockade?

A

1948-49

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13
Q

Airlift

A

January- 17,000 tonnes
It made Stalin look aggressive.
September 1949- West Germany (FDR) was created.
October 1949- Eastern Europe created (GDR.)

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14
Q

NATO

A

Set up in 1949
Made in response to the Berlin Blockade.
Alliance between the West.

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15
Q

Arms Race

A

1945- USA uses an atomic bomb on Japan.
1949- USSR tested nuclear bomb.
1953- Both sides have bombs.

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16
Q

When did Stalin die?

A

1953

17
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

USSRs response to NATO

Includes the Eastern Europe sphere of influence.

18
Q

What caused the Hungarian Uprising?

A

Krushchev promised to start de-stalinisation in 1956.

Eisenhower encouraged the Hungarians to uprise but didn’t give military help.

19
Q

When did Krushchev come into power and what did he promise?

A

1955- de-stalinisation.

20
Q

What was a key feature of de-stalinisation?

A 
Hungary riots
Nagy- leader;
Leaves the Warsaw Pact
Makes Hungary neutral
Seeks help from the UN
Wanted them to lead a more Western life.
21
Q

What happened in November 1956?

A

Krushchev sends 200,000 troops to stop Nagy.
20,000 killed and 200,000 flee.
Kadar becomes the new ruler.

22
Q

When was the Cold War?

A

1943-1989

23
Q

What were the key features of the Hungarian uprising?

A

Krushchev replaced Rakoski with Nagy who wants to the leave W.P.
USSR used comniform to oppose the oppresive regime in Hungary.
The purges abolished all opposition parties and opponents. 387000 were imprisoned and 2000 executed.

24
Q

What were the effects of the Hungarian Uprising?

A

Krushchev sent 200,000 SU troops into Hungary in Nov. 1956.
There was 2 weeks of fighting.
Thousands killed.
200,000 fled to Austria.
Nagy was arrested and executed for treason.
Kadar was the new leader and re-introduced Soviet dominion.

The Cold War (4 decks)

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