TOPIC 1 Flashcards
The vibrations of the ground caused by a disturbance in the Earth’s equilibrium.
EARTHQUAKE
The process by which one tectonic plate sinks below another.
SUBDUCTION
The scientist who proposed the idea of mid-ocean ridges forming new
crust.
HARRY HAMMOND HESS-
The innermost layer of the Earth, divided into inner and outer regions.
CORE
The thicker type of Earth’s crust, found under continents.
CONTINENTAL CRUST
The underwater mountain ranges where new oceanic crust is formed.
MID-OCEAN RIDGE-
The theory proposed by Alfred Wegener about the movement of
continents.
CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY
A type of plate boundary where two plates collide
CONVERGENT BOUNDARY
The process by which new oceanic crust is created, and older crust
moves away.
SEAFLOOR SPREADING
The first type of seismic wave to be recorded by a seismograph.
PRIMARY WAVE (P-WAVE)
The surface wave that moves the ground in a rolling motion.
RAYLEIGH WAVE-
The term for earthquakes that occur away from tectonic plate
boundaries.
INTRAPLATE EARTHQUAKE
A type of plate boundary where two plates slide past each other.
. TRANSFORM BOUNDARY
The continuous movement of heated mantle material due to
temperature differences.
CONVECTION CURRENTS
The outermost layer of the Earth.
CRUST
A type of plate boundary where two plates move apart.
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY-
The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus.
EPICENTER
- The seismic waves that travel along the Earth’s surface and cause major
damage.
SURFACE WAVES-
The slow movement of continents over time.
CONTINENTAL DRIFT
The fault type where the hanging wall moves upward.
REVERSE FAULT
A fault that has moved within the last 10,000 years.
ACTIVE FAULT-
The point underground where an earthquake originates.
FOCUS (HYPOCENTER)
The scientist who proposed the Seafloor Spreading Theory.
HARRY HAMMOND HESS
The thinner type of Earth’s crust, found under ocean basins.
OCEANIC CRUST
The thickest layer of the Earth, extending to about 2,900 km
MANTLE
The surface wave that moves the ground side-to-side.
LOVE WAVE
The fault type where the hanging wall moves downward.
NORMAL FAULT
The theory that explains how stress builds up and is released in
faults.
ELASTIC REBOUND THEORY
The term for earthquakes that occur along tectonic plate
boundaries.
INTERPLATE EARTHQUAKE
A type of earthquake caused by volcanic activity
OLCANIC EARTHQUAKE
