Topic 1

Question 1

1.25
Ending of ‘ide’ means…

Answer 1

-2 elements
-1=halogen/oxygen/sulfur

Question 2

1.25
Ending of ‘ate’ means

Answer 2

-3
-1=oxygen

Question 3

1.25
Ending of hydroxide means…

Answer 3

-3
-1=hydrogen
-1=oxygen

Question 4

1.26
What is the formula for oxide?

Answer 4

O^2-

Question 5

1.26
What is the formula for nitride?

Answer 5

N^3-

Question 6

1.27
What is a giant ionic lattice structure?

Answer 6

Alternating cations and anions held by strong electrostatic forces of attraction

Question 7

1.27
State 2 properties of ionic compounds

Answer 7

-↑ mp & bp
-Don’t conduct when solid

Question 8

What should you say instead of particles?

Answer 8

Ions or atoms (need to specify)

Question 9

1.28
State 2 properties of simple molecular substances

Answer 9

-Low mp & bp
-Do NOT conduct electricity

Question 10

1.30
Explain why simple molecules such as water are poor conductors of electricity

Answer 10

No charged particles free to move & carry charge

Question 11

Do covalent bonds conduct electricity?

Answer 11

NO

Question 12

1.30
What is a polymer

Answer 12

Long chain of molecules made of many short chain molecules (monomers)

Question 13

1.30
Why does poly(ethene) have a higher melting point than ethene?

Answer 13

-Larger molecule
-Stronger intermolecular forces between molecules
-More energy needed to separate

Question 14

1.35
Define the term allotropes

Answer 14

Diff structural forms of particular element

Question 15

1.35
Does the structure and bonding of a particular element affect anything?

Answer 15

Properties and uses

Question 16

1.36
Compare the differences between diamond and graphite

Answer 16

Diamond
-4 covalent bonds
-Very hard
-Does not conduct electricity
-Cutting tools

Graphite
-3
-Very soft
-Each C atom has delocalised electron -> free to move and carry charge -> suitable for use in electrodes
-Lubricants, pencil lead
-Easily rubs away in layers bc weak intermolecular F between layers

Question 17

1.36
Compare the similarities between diamond and graphite

Answer 17

-High mp & bp
-Only C atoms
-Giant molecular substances

Question 18

1.38
What is a fullerene?

Answer 18

-Simple molecule
-C atoms
-3 covalent bonds

Question 19

1.38
State 2 properties of fullerenes. Give an example of one

Answer 19

-Weak IMF between molecules -> low mp (molecules themselves = very strong bc covalent bonding)
-Soft/Slippery
-Buckminster Fullerene

Question 20

1.38
Give 3 uses of fullerenes

Answer 20

-Cage molecules -> deliver drugs directly to cells in body
-Lubricants in machines -> stop moving parts grinding together
-Large SA -> Good industrial catalysts

Question 21

1.40
Define the term malleable

Answer 21

Can be bent into shape w/o shattering

Question 22

1.40
Define the term ductile

Answer 22

Can be stretched out to make wires

Question 23

1.42
Define the term relative formula mass

Answer 23

Sum of RAM in chemical formula
(relative atomic mass)

Question 24

1.45
Find simplest formula of 2.24g of iron reacting with 0.96g of oxygen

Answer 24

-2.24/56=0.04
-0.96/16=0.06
-2:3
-Fe₂O₃

Question 25

1.45 Define the term empirical formula

Answer 25

Simplest whole no. ratio of atoms *of each element*

Question 26

1.45 Define the term molecular formula

Answer 26

No. of atoms present in substance

Question 27

1.47 Describe what happens to the total mass in a non-enclosed system

Answer 27

Co₂ given off so mass decreases (not sure if it's Co₂ for all reactions but generally something given off so will decrease)

Question 28

1.49 State the original equation for concentration

Answer 28

c=m/v c=g dm^3 m=g v=dm^3

Question 29

1.35 State 2 uses of graphene

Answer 29

-Electronics -New materials

Question 30

Compare and explain properties of simple and giant covalent molecular substances

Answer 30

Simple -Low mp -> weak IMF between molecules -Don't conduct -> no free charged particles Giant -High mp -> strong covalent bonds between atoms -Some do, some don't depending on if have delocalised e-

Question 31

1.50 Define the term mole

Answer 31

Unit of chemical amount/amount of substance

Question 32

1.50 State the equation for number of particles

Answer 32

n×L (no. of moles×Avogadros constant)