Topic 1 Flashcards
Done
1.25
Ending of ‘ide’ means…
-2 elements
-1=halogen/oxygen/sulfur
1.25
Ending of ‘ate’ means
-3
-1=oxygen
1.25
Ending of hydroxide means…
-3
-1=hydrogen
-1=oxygen
1.26
What is the formula for oxide?
O^2-
1.26
What is the formula for nitride?
N^3-
1.27
What is a giant ionic lattice structure?
Alternating cations and anions held by strong electrostatic forces of attraction
1.27
State 2 properties of ionic compounds
-↑ mp & bp
-Don’t conduct when solid
What should you say instead of particles?
Ions or atoms (need to specify)
1.28
State 2 properties of simple molecular substances
-Low mp & bp
-Do NOT conduct electricity
1.30
Explain why simple molecules such as water are poor conductors of electricity
No charged particles free to move & carry charge
Do covalent bonds conduct electricity?
NO
1.30
What is a polymer
Long chain of molecules made of many short chain molecules (monomers)
1.30
Why does poly(ethene) have a higher melting point than ethene?
-Larger molecule
-Stronger intermolecular forces between molecules
-More energy needed to separate
1.35
Define the term allotropes
Diff structural forms of particular element
1.35
Does the structure and bonding of a particular element affect anything?
Properties and uses
1.36
Compare the differences between diamond and graphite
Diamond
-4 covalent bonds
-Very hard
-Does not conduct electricity
-Cutting tools
Graphite
-3
-Very soft
-Each C atom has delocalised electron -> free to move and carry charge -> suitable for use in electrodes
-Lubricants, pencil lead
-Easily rubs away in layers bc weak intermolecular F between layers
1.36
Compare the similarities between diamond and graphite
-High mp & bp
-Only C atoms
-Giant molecular substances
1.38
What is a fullerene?
-Simple molecule
-C atoms
-3 covalent bonds
1.38
State 2 properties of fullerenes. Give an example of one
-Weak IMF between molecules -> low mp (molecules themselves = very strong bc covalent bonding)
-Soft/Slippery
-Buckminster Fullerene
1.38
Give 3 uses of fullerenes
-Cage molecules -> deliver drugs directly to cells in body
-Lubricants in machines -> stop moving parts grinding together
-Large SA -> Good industrial catalysts
1.40
Define the term malleable
Can be bent into shape w/o shattering
1.40
Define the term ductile
Can be stretched out to make wires
1.42
Define the term relative formula mass
Sum of RAM in chemical formula
(relative atomic mass)
1.45
Find simplest formula of 2.24g of iron reacting with 0.96g of oxygen
-2.24/56=0.04
-0.96/16=0.06
-2:3
-Fe₂O₃
1.45
Define the term empirical formula
Simplest whole no. ratio of atoms of each element
1.45
Define the term molecular formula
No. of atoms present in substance
1.47
Describe what happens to the total mass in a non-enclosed system
Co₂ given off so mass decreases (not sure if it’s Co₂ for all reactions but generally something given off so will decrease)
1.49
State the original equation for concentration
c=m/v
c=g dm^3
m=g
v=dm^3
1.35
State 2 uses of graphene
-Electronics
-New materials
Compare and explain properties of simple and giant covalent molecular substances
Simple
-Low mp -> weak IMF between molecules
-Don’t conduct -> no free charged particles
Giant
-High mp -> strong covalent bonds between atoms
-Some do, some don’t depending on if have delocalised e-
1.50
Define the term mole
Unit of chemical amount/amount of substance
1.50
State the equation for number of particles
n×L
(no. of moles×Avogadros constant)
