Top Notch 3B Flashcards
inventory
a list of all the things in a place
x ray
interpret X-rays
make up one’s mind
decide to do something after considering conflicting choices
keep something in mind
remember something
be on one’s mind
think of something
settle on
ask someone about something
change one’s mind
decide to do something else
pick someone’s brain
ask someone about something
common sense
the ability to behave in a sensible way and make practical decisions
dexterity
skill and speed in doing something with your hands:
Computer games can improve children’s manual dexterity
demonstrate
to show that you have a particular ability, quality, or feeling
eager
very keen and excited about something that is going to happen or about something you want to do
accomplish
to succeed in doing something, especially after trying very hard
regardless
without being affected or influenced by something
newbie
someone who has just started doing something, especially using the Internet or computers
counsel
to advise someone
internalize
if you internalize a particular belief, attitude, behaviour etc, it becomes part of your character
consistent
always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes, standards etc – usually used to show approval
carnival
a public event at which people play music, wear special clothes, and dance in the streets
march
if soldiers or other people march somewhere, they walk there quickly with firm regular steps
parade
a military ceremony in which soldiers stand or march together so that important people can examine them
costume
a set of clothes worn by an actor or by someone to make them look like something such as an animal, famous person etc → outfit
abstain
to not do or have something you enjoy, especially alcohol or sex, usually for reasons of religion or health
Pilots must abstain from alcohol for 24 hours before flying.
festival
an occasion when there are performances of many films, plays, pieces of music etc, usually happening in the same place every year
mark
to celebrate an important event
memorialize
to do something so that a person or event will be remembered by people
threshold
the entrance to a room or building, or the area of floor or ground at the entrance
proverb
a short well-known statement that gives advice or expresses something that is generally true. ‘A penny saved is a penny earned’ is an example of a proverb. → saying
wonder
very good and effective
a new wonder drug
bed and breakfast
the providing of a room for a night and breakfast in the morning, for example in a hotel
brutal
very cruel and violent
bite the bullet
to start dealing with an unpleasant or dangerous situation because you cannot avoid it any longer
Uses new technology
high-tech OR state-of-the-art OR cutting-edge
Offers high quality
high-end OR top-of-the-line OR first-rate
Uses new ideas
innovative OR revolutionary OR novel
treat
to buy or do something special for someone that you know they will enjoy
repellent
a substance that keeps insects away
wacky
silly in an exciting or amusing way SYN crazy
efficient
if someone or something is efficient, they work well without wasting time, money, or energy OPP inefficient
till
to prepare land for growing crops SYN cultivate
organism
a system made up of parts that are dependent on eachother
mould
a soft green, grey, or black substance that grows on food which has been kept too long, and on objects that are in warm wet air
capable of (doing) something
having the qualities or ability needed to do something
Petri dish
a small clear dish with a cover which is used by scientists, especially for growing BACTERIA
agent
a chemical or substance that is used for a particular purpose or that has a particular effect
wound
an injury to your body that is made by a weapon such as a knife or a bullet
pneumonia
a serious illness that affects your lungs and makes it difficult for you to breathe
tuberculosis
a serious infectious disease that affects many parts of your body, especially your lungs SYN TB
respiratory
relating to breathing or your lungs
combat
to try to stop something bad from happening or getting worse
resistant
not damaged or affected by something
plough
a piece of farm equipment used to turn over the earth so that seeds can be planted
under the plough
land that is under the plough is used for growing crops
crop
a plant such as wheat, rice, or fruit that is grown by farmers and used as food → GM
propose
to suggest something as a plan or course of action → proposal
a government
A group of people who govern a country or state
A Politics
The a rt or science of government or governing
A constitution
A set of basic laws and principles that a country is governed by, which cannot easily be changed by the political party in power
An election
An occasion when people vote to choose someone for an official position
vote
Show, by marking a paper or using a machine, etc., which person you want in a government position
campaign
Lead or take part in a series of actions intended to win an election for a government position
a democracy
A system of government in which every citizen in the country ca n vote to elect its government officials
a monarchy
A system in which a country is ruled by a king or queen
a dictatorship
Government by a ruler who has complete power
constitutional monarchy
A country ruled by a king or a queen whose power is limited by a constitution
coincidence
when two things happen at the same time, in the same place, or to the same people in a way that seems surprising or unusual → coincide, coincidental
nouns for abstract ideas
advice / justice / progress / crime / life / proof / education / news / success / health / patience / time / help / peace / work / information / politics / investment / poverty
radical
supporting complete political or social change
liberal
supporting changes in political, social, or religious systems that respect the different bel iefs, ideas, etc., of other people -a liberal n.
moderate
adj. having opinions or beliefs, especially about politics, that are not extreme and that most people consider reasonable or sensible -a moderate n.
conservative
preferring to continue to do things as they have been done in the past rather than risking changes -a conservative n.
reactionary
strongly opposed to political or social change -a reactionary n.
capital punishment
punishment which involves killing someone who has committed a crime → death penalty
Disagreement
I have to disagree with you there.
Do you think so? I’m not sure I agree.
Well, I’m afraid I don’t agree.
No offense, but I just can’t agree.
Agreement
I agree with you on that one.
I couldn’t agree more.
I couldn’t have said it better myself.
That’s exactly what I think.
compulsory
something that is compulsory must be done because it is the law or because someone in authority orders you to
prohibit
to say that an action is illegal or not allowed SYN ban, forbid
survey
a set of questions that you ask a large number of people in order to find out about their opinions or behaviour → poll
corruption
dishonest, illegal, or immoral behaviour, especially from someone with power
official
someone who is in a position of authority in an organization
bribe
money or a gift that you illegally give someone to persuade them to do something for you
contribute
to give money, help, ideas etc to something that a lot of other people are also involved in
frustrated
feeling annoyed, upset, and impatient, because you cannot control or change a situation, or achieve something
discrimination
the practice of treating one person or group differently from another in an unfair way
racism
unfair treatment of people, or violence against them, because they belong to a different race from your own
ethnic
relating to a particular race, nation, or tribe and their customs and traditions
superior
better, more powerful, more effective etc than a similar person or thing, especially one that you are competing against OPP inferior
violation
an action that breaks a law, agreement, principle etc
genocide
the deliberate murder of a whole group or race of people → ethnic cleansing
massacre
when a lot of people are killed violently, especially people who cannot defend themselves
tolerance
willingness to allow people to do, say, or believe what they want without criticizing or punishing them OPP intolerance
How to debate an issue politely
That may be true, but …
I see what you mean, but …
on the one hand … But on the other hand, …
That’s one way to look at it, but
setting
the place where something is or where something happens, and the general environment
folks
used when talking to a group of people in a friendly way
bay
a part of the sea that is partly enclosed by a curve in the land
gulf
a large area of sea partly enclosed by land
steep
a road, hill etc that is steep slopes at a high angle
cliff
a large area of rock or a mountain with a very steep side, often at the edge of the sea or a river
slippery
something that is slippery is difficult to hold, walk on etc because it is wet or GREASY
undertow
the water current under the surface of the sea, that pulls away from the land when a wave comes onto the shore
canyon
a deep valley with very steep sides of rock that usually has a river running through it
glacier
a large mass of ice which moves slowly down a mountain valley → glacial
spectacular
very impressive
arid
arid land or an arid CLIMATE is very dry because it has very little rain
lush
plants that are lush grow many leaves and look healthy and strong
energy-efficient
using as little power as possible
renewable energy
power from natural resources, such as wind power or solar power (from the su n), that is continually available for human use
pollution
the act of causing air, water, or land to become dirty and unhealthy for people, anima ls, and plants
climate change
a long-term change in the Earth’s temperatures and weather patterns
curb
to control or limit something in order to prevent it from having a harmful effect
inflated
filled with air or gas
incandescent
producing a bright light when heated
cutback
a reduction in something, such as the number of workers in a company or the amount of money a government or company spends
pesticide
a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops → herbicide
shrink
to become smaller, or to make something smaller, through the effects of heat or water
tropical
coming from or existing in the hottest parts of the world
yield
to produce crops, profits etc
name of units
life plans
holidays and traditions
inventions and discoveries
controversial issues
beautiful world
