top-down approahc Flashcards
when does the use of profiling techniques date back to
1888
what does tradition policing involve?
analysing physical evidence
give examples of physical evidence?
fingerprints
bloodstains
shoe prints
DNA evidence
what do crimianl profilers look at?
type of victim
type of crime
location
time of day or night
specific features of a crime
what is taken or left behind
what culture does the top down approahc belong to?
US
what goverment branch was the top down approahc adopted by?
FBI
when was the top down approach adopted by the FBI?
1970s
what is type of crime is the top-down approach used for?
rape and murder
what do they focus on?
evidence at the crime scene
what type of approahc is it?
intituitive
typology
who created caterogisation?
Hazelwood and Douglas
when did Hazelwood and Douglas create caterogisation?
1980
who did Hazelwood and doouglas study
36 sex offenders in the USA
what are the two types of offenders?
organised and disorganised
what catergory of oiffender was added later?
‘mixed’
how do they decide if a person is organised or disorganised?
crime scene characteristics can be used to determine likely personality traits
give the eight characteristic of an disorganised offender
low intelligence
weapon is often present
victim is depersonalised
unlikely to have a partner
unplanned
poor employment history
socially awkward
body is often removed from the scene.
give the 6 characteristics of an organised offender
agressive acts performed before death
planned
skilled occupation
weapon is often absent from the scene
victim targeted
socially competent
give an example of an organised offender?
ted bundy
what is the top down approach also known as?
crime scene analysis
who put foward the stages of crime scene analysis?
Jackson and Bekerian
when did Jackson and Bekarian put foward the staged of crime scene analysis?
1997
what do the stages of crime scene analysis do and who are they used by?
used by FBI in order to build a profile
what is the first stage of crime scene analysie
data assimilation-collection of all evidence available
what is the second stage of crime scene analysie
crime classification- organising crime into a paticular type
what is the third stage of crime scene analysie
crime reconstruction- recontucting the crime in order to develope predictions aboit the motives and behaviour of the offender/victim
what is the fourth stage of crime scene analysie
profile generation-developing a profile based on this information regarding various characterisrics, including physical appearance and personality
