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Anatomy & Physiology I > Top 20 Muscles > Flashcards

Top 20 Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Temporalis origin

A

temporal fossa

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2
Q

Temporalis insertion

A

anterior portion of mandibular ramus and coronoid process

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3
Q

Temporalis action

A

elevates mandible

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4
Q

Sternocleidomastoid origin

A

Muscular ridge in the anterolateral neck

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5
Q

Sternocleidomastoid insertion

A

mastoid process and superior nuchal line

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6
Q

Sternocleidomastoid action

A

both contracting together flexes the neck

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7
Q

Rectus abdominis origin

A

pubic crest and symphysis

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8
Q

Rectus abdominis insertion

A

xiphoid process and inferior ribs (5-7)

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9
Q

Rectus abdominis action

A

flexes lumbar spine

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10
Q

Iliopsoas iliacus origin

A

inner surface of ilium

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11
Q

Iliopsoas iliacus/psoas major insertion

A

lesser trochanter of femur and shaft immediately inferior

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12
Q

Iliopsoas action

A

flexion of the hip

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13
Q

Pectoralis major origin

A

medial half of anterior surface of clavicle, anterior surface of costal cartilages of ribs 1-6 and adjacent sternum

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14
Q

Pectoralis major insertion

A

greater tubercle of the humerus

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15
Q

Pectoralis major action

A

adducts in frontal plane

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16
Q

Latissimus dorsi origin

A

posterior crest of ilium, spinous processes of T7-S3, ribs 10-12

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17
Q

Latissimus dorsi insertion

A

medial side of intertubercular groove of humerus

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18
Q

Latissimus dorsi action

A

adducts in frontal plane

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19
Q

Deltoid origin

A

3 portions: anterior lateral 1/3 of clavicle, lateral aspect of acromion process and inferior edge of scapular spine

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20
Q

Deltoid insertion

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus (lateral)

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21
Q

Deltoid action

A

anterior: adducts arm
lateral: abduction of GHJ
posterior: abduction of GHJ

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22
Q

Biceps brachii origin of long head

A

superior margin of glenoid fossa

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23
Q

Biceps brachii insertion

A

radial tiberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis

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24
Q

biceps brachii action

A

flexes elbow

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25
Q

biceps brachii short head origin

A

coracoid process of scapula

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26
Q

triceps brachii long head origin

A

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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27
Q

triceps brachii lateral head origin

A

lateral and posterior surfaces of the humerus

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28
Q

triceps brachii medial head origin

A

posterior humerus

29
Q

triceps brachii insertion

A

olecranon process of ulna

30
Q

triceps brachii action

A

extends elbow

31
Q

extensor digitorum origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

32
Q

extensor digitorum insertion

A

4 tendons to the dorsal surfaces of the base of middle and distal phalanges of fingers 2-5

33
Q

extensor digitorum action

A

extends digits 2-5 at MCP joints and wrist

34
Q

flexor digitorum superficials origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus; medial coronoid process of ulna; upper 2/3 of anterior border of radius

35
Q

flexor digitorum superficials insertion

A

4 tendons that divide and attach to the sides of medial phalanges of fingers 2-5

36
Q

flexor digitorum superficials action

A

flexes digits at MCP and PIP joints

37
Q

gluteus maximus origin

A

posterior 1/4 of iliac crest

38
Q

gluteus maximus insertion

A

oblique ridge on greater trochanter

39
Q

gluteus maximus action

A

stabilizes trink in hip extension

40
Q

rectus femoris origin

A

anterior surface of inferior iliac spine

41
Q

rectus femoris insertion

A

superior aspect of patella

42
Q

rectus femoris action

A

extension of the knee

43
Q

biceps femoris long head origin

A

ischial tuberosity

44
Q

biceps femoris short head origin

A

lower half of linea aspera and lateral condylar ridge of femur

45
Q

biceps femoris insertion

A

lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula

46
Q

biceps femoris action

A

flexion of knee

47
Q

gastrocnemius medial head origin

A

posterior surface of the medial femoral condyle

48
Q

gastrocnemius lateral head origin

A

posterior surface of the lateral femoral condyle

49
Q

gastrocnemius insertion

A

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

50
Q

gastrocnemius action

A

plantar flexion of ankle

51
Q

tibialis anterior origin

A

upper 2/3 of the lateral surface of tibia

52
Q

tibialis anterior insertion

A

inner surface of the medial cuneiform and the first metatarsal bone

53
Q

tibialis anterior action

A

dorsiflexion of the ankle and inversion of the foot

54
Q

supraspinatus origin

A

medial 2/3 of the suprasinous fossa of the scapula

55
Q

supraspinatus insertion

A

superiorly on the greater tubercle of the humerus

56
Q

supraspinatus action

A

stabilizes GHJ

57
Q

infraspinatus origin

A

medial aspect of infraspinous fossa of the scapula

58
Q

infraspinatus insertion

A

posteriorly on the greater tubercle of the humerus

59
Q

infraspinatus action

A

stabilizes GHJ

60
Q

teres minor origin

A

posteriorly on the upper and middle aspects of the lateral border of the scapula

61
Q

teres minor insertion

A

posterior on the greater tubercle of the humerus

62
Q

teres minor action

A

stabilizes GHJ

63
Q

subscapularis origin

A

entire surface of subscapular fossa

64
Q

subscapularis insertion

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

65
Q

subscapularis action

A

stabilizes GHJ

66
Q

Iliopsoas Psoas major/minor origin

A

on intervertebral cartilages, along bodies and on lower borders of transverse processes of L1-5; body of T12, on sacrum lateral and inferior to L5-S1 articulation

67
Q

iliopsoas psoas minor insertion

A

pectineal ine and iliopectineal eminece of ilium

68
Q

iliopsoas psoas major action

A

external rotation of femur

69
Q

iliopsoas psoas minor action

A

weak flexor of trunk

Anatomy & Physiology I (2 decks)

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