Top 20 Canine Diseases Flashcards
What is the most likely diagnosis for a five-month-old Yorkshire terrier with ataxia in all four limbs and neck pain, along with loss of conscious proprioception in all four limbs?
Atlantoaxial instability.” In a five-month-old Yorkshire terrier with ataxia in all four limbs, neck pain, and loss of conscious proprioception, the most likely diagnosis is atlantoaxial instability. This condition is characterized by increased distance between the cranial aspect of the dorsal spinous process of C2 and the caudal aspect of the dorsal arch of C1, indicating instability of C1-C2.
Which of these drugs has the greatest potential for causing acute renal failure in horses?
Oxytetracycline has the greatest potential for causing acute renal failure in horses. It is important to be cautious when using this drug in horses and monitor for any signs of renal dysfunction.
What is the prognosis for a 4-month-old terrier cross with craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO) who presents with inability to eat, pain in the lower jaw, and radiographic evidence of the condition?
Craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO) is a self-limiting disease that typically regresses by 1 year of age. Symptomatic support is needed for discomfort, usually with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Following standard initial emergency treatment for suspected gastric dilation and volvulus (GDV), what imaging procedure would you use to confirm the diagnosis in a 3-year-old castrated male Doberman Pinscher with acute onset non-productive vomiting, distended abdomen, and other clinical signs?
To confirm the diagnosis of gastric dilation and volvulus (GDV) in a dog, you would typically use abdominal radiographs, specifically a right lateral recumbency abdominal radiograph. This position is best for revealing a gas-filled left dorsally-displaced pylorus with a gas-filled ventral fundus separated by a soft tissue band (compartmented stomach).
What bloodwork abnormality are you expecting to find in a 6-year-old male neutered terrier mix who ingested sugar-free gum containing xylitol?
Hypoglicemia.
When a dog ingests sugar-free gum containing xylitol, it can cause a rapid release of insulin, leading to clinically significant hypoglycemia. It is important to monitor blood glucose levels and provide appropriate treatment in these cases.
A person calls to say she adopted a friend’s dog and requests a copy of the dog’s medical record and radiographs. The former owner is a client at your clinic. Which one of the following choices is the most appropriate action to take?
A - Require original owner consent or court order to release information
B - Give caller a copy of medical record only
C - Give caller a copy of medical record and radiographs
D - After physical exam, start a new medical record documenting previous issues
E - Give a summarized record with personal identifiers (vet, owner names) blocked out
Ethically, the information within veterinary medical records is considered privileged and confidential. It must not be released except by court order or consent of the owner of the patient. Veterinarians should secure a written release to document that request.
A 10-year old German Shepherd presents to you with the complaint of licking the anal area and scooting. On examination, you find numerous ulcerated tracts in the perianal area that are draining purulent fluid. What is the diagnosis?
A. Perianal fistula
B. Clostridial colitis
C. Anal sac abscess
D. Anal sac impaction
The diagnosis is A - Perianal fistula. This condition is commonly seen in older German Shepherds and is characterized by the presence of multiple draining tracts in the perianal region. Licking the anal area and scooting are common presenting complaints.
A 2-year old male castrated Border Collie presents for a 1-week history of small bowel diarrhea. A fecal flotation shows numerous Giardia cysts. What is the treatment of choice for this dog?
A. Decoquinate
B. Metronidazole
C. Ipronidazole
D. Albendazole
The treatment of choice for a dog with Giardia infection is B - Metronidazole. While fenbendazole is actually the treatment of choice for Giardia, metronidazole has historically been the most widely accepted option.
The dog in the photograph was vaccinated earlier in the day. What type of allergic reaction is occurring?
A. Type II
B. Type I
C. Type IV
D. Type III
Type I. The dog in the photograph is experiencing a Type I allergic reaction, which is IgE-mediated and results in an immediate hypersensitivity response. Type II hypersensitivity is antibody-dependent, Type III is immune complex-mediated, and Type IV is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction.
