Top 15 drugs part 2 Flashcards
Generic: Fluoxetine Hydrochloride
Brand: _________, __________, antidepressant
Adverse effects: nausea, decreased libido, headache, drowsiness,acute myocardial infarction, anemia,suicidal ideation, suicidal tendencies
Pearls:Pay close attention to any changes, especially sudden changes,in mood behaviors, thoughts, or feelings. Antidepressants may increase suicidal thoughts or actions
May cause drowsiness. Use caution while operating machinery or when mental alertness is required. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication. Up to 2 weeks may be needed before therapeutic effects are seen.
Do not abruptly discontinue medication
Notify a physician if rash or hives develop
Prozac, Sarafem
Generic: Citalopram Hydrobromide
Brand: ________, antidepressant
Side effects:nausea, dry mouth, somnolence, insomnia, diarrhea, ejaculaton disorder, impotence
Pearls: May impair cognitive and motor performance. Use caution while operating machinery or when mental alertness is required.
Up to 2 weeks may be needed before therapeutic effects are seen.
Do not abruptly discontinue medication
Avoid alcohol while taking this medication
Store in a cool,dry place away from sunlight and children
Pay attention to any changes, especially sudden changes, in mood behaviors, thoughts, or feelings. Antidepressants may increase suicidal thoughts or actions
Celexa
Generic: Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
Brand: ______________, antidepressant
Side effects: nausea, dry mouth, anorexia, constipation, drowsiness, insomnia, dizziness, nervousness, abnormal ejaculation, sweating, impotence,decreased libido, and yawning.
Pearls: Avoid alcohol while taking this medication
Patients should be advised to inform their physician if they are taking, or plan to take any prescription or over the counter drugs since there is a potential for interactions
Swallow capsules whole;do not crush, chew, dissolve , or divide
Pay close attention to any changes, especially sudden changes in mood behaviors, thoughts, or feelings
Antidepressants may increase sucidial thoughts or actions
Continued therapy of up to 2 weeks may be needed to show noticeable improvement
Effexor XR
Generic: Duloxetine Hydrochloride
Brand: ___________, antidepressant
Side effects: nausea, dry mouth, constipation, insomnia, dizziness, diarrhea, decreased appetite, fatigue, drowsiness, sweating,vomiting, blurred vision, and erectile dysfunction
Patient Consultations:Therapeutic effects may take as long as 4 weeks to appear
May cause drowsiness. Use caution while operating machinery or when mental alertness is required.
Avoid alcohol while taking this medication
Consult with doctor before taking nonprescription medication
Store in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and children
Contact a doctor if the above side effects are severe or persistent
Pay attention to any changes, especially sudden changes, in mood behaviors, thoughts, or feelings
Antidepressants may increase suicidal thoughts or actions
Continued therapy of up to 2 weeks may be needed to show noticeable improvement
Cymbalta
Generic: Bupropion Hydrochloride
Brand: ____________, _________, Forfivo XL, Antidepressant
Adverse effects: dizziness, constipation, weight loss, dry mouth, insomnia, sweating, agitation, and tremor
Pearls: Take at immediate-release tablets at regular intervals no sooner than 3 to 4 times a day
Take extended-release tablets in the morning if possible avoid insomnia
Swallow SR and XL tablets whole-do not crush or chew
If a dose is missed, wait until the next scheduled dose-do not double doses
Do not take OTC medications w/o first consulting a doc
Refrain from consuming alcohol
Weight loss or gain may be temporary-contact your doc
pay close attention to any changes, especially sudden changes in mood behaviors, thoughts, or feelings.
Antidepressants may increase suicidal thoughts or actions.
Continued therapy of up to 2 weeks may be needed to show noticeable improvement.
Wellbutrin, Zyban
Generic: Rosuvastatin Calcium
Brand: __________, antihyperlipidemic
Side effects: myalgia, constipation, asthenia, abdominal pain, and nausea. Patients should report any signs of unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if accompanied by malaise or fever, to the doctor
Pearls:
Contact doctor if symptoms of myopathy occur (muscle pain or tenderness, especially if accompanied by malaise or fever)
Closely followed prescribed diet
Do not become pregnant during therapy. If pregnancy occurs then discontinue medication
Limit alcohol intake during therapy
Store in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and children
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible. If more than 8 hours has lapsed btwn the time the dose was to be taken, skip it and return to normal dosing schedule
Crestor
Generic: Simvastatin
Brand: ____________, antihyperlipidemic
Adverse effects: Muscle Pain (rare) , constipation, and dypepsia
Pearls: Contact doc if sxs of myopathy occur (e.g. muscle pain or tenderness, especially if accompanied by malaise or fever)
Closely follow prescribed diet
Avoid overexposure to sunlight to possibility of photosensitivity. Use a sunscreen and wear appropriate clothing until the level of sensitivity is determined.
Do not become pregnant during therapy. Limit alcohol intake during therapy
Store in a cool,dry space away from sunlight and children
If a dose is missed take as soon as possible. If taken within 12 hours of the next dose, skip the next dose and continue with schedule
Grapefruit juice increases plasma levels and should be avoided
Zocor
Generic: Metoprolol Succinate
Brand: ___________, antihypertensive
Adverse effects: dizziness or fatigue, depression, shortness of breath or bradycardia, pruritus, and diarrhea
Pearls: Contact a doc if the above side effects are severe or persistent
Patients with heart failure should contact their physician if their symptoms (weight gain, shortness of breath) worsen.
Do not discountine therapy without consulting doc
Take w/ food to increase absorption
Take whole or halved tablets w/o crushing or chewing
May cause dizziness. Use caution while operating machinery.
Patients w/diabetes need to be aware that this agent can cause masking of hypoglycemic symptoms
Store in a cool, dry space away from children
Toprol XL
Generic: Carvedilol
Brand: __________, antihypertensive
Adverse effects: dizziness, diarrhea, bradycardia and hypotension, hyperglycemia, visual abnormalities occur in treatment of congestive heart failure. The same effects occur in the treatment of hypertension but at approximately the same rate as seen in placebo
Pearls: Take w/food to decrease orthostatic hypotension.
Contact doc if side effects are severe or persistent
Contact lens wearers may experience decreased lacrimation
Do not discontinue therapy w/o talking to doc first
Treatment must be tapered over 1 to 2 weeks
May cause drowsiness. Use caution while operating machinery or when mental alertness is required
Patient w/diabetes need to be aware that this agent can cause masking of hypoglycemia symptoms
Avoid nonprescription cough,cold, and allergy medications
Coreg
Generic: Hydrochlorothiazide
Brand: _________,Diuretic
Side effects: dry mouth, muscle cramps,nausea, vomiting, anemia, weakness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anorexia, GI distress including diarrhea and constipation, hyperglycemia, photosensitivity, rash, and transient blurred vision
Pearls: May be taken w/ food or milk if GI upset occurs
Timing of dose is important because of increased diuresis. Usually given in early a.m.
Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight
Store in a cool,dry place away from sunlight
Contact doc if the side effects are severe or persistent
Microzide
Generic: Apixaban
Brand: _________, Hematological agent
Side effects: bleeding events such as contusion, hemorrhage, hematoma, and gingival bleeding
Pearls: May be taken without regard to food
Do not discontinue use without talking to doc first
Inform your physician of any upcoming surgical procedures
Do not take apsirin, NSAIDS, or other drugs that increase your risk of bleeding
Contact your doctor if you experience any signs or symptoms of unusual bleeding such as nose bleeds, bleeding gums, pink or brown urine, red or black stools, coughing or vomiting blood, or headaches or dizziness
Eliquis
Generic: Albuterol Sulfate
Brand: ______________; bronchodilator
Side effects: nausea, vomiting, nervousness, headache, insomnia, tremor, dizziness, hypertension, tachycardia, and palpitations
Pearls: Do not take more frequently than recommended
If pts find that treatment w/albuterol becomes less effective for symptomatic relief, sxs get worse, or they need to take the product more frequently than usual, advise them to seek medical attention immediately.
Aerosol Inhaler: avoid contact with eyes
Shake canister well before each inhalation
Follow enclosed instructions for inhalation technique
Clean mouthpiece at least once a week by removing the canister, running warm water through it for 30 seconds, and letting it air dry thoroughly.
Proventil, Ventolin, Proair
Generic: Tramadol
Brand: ________, analgesic
Side effects: dizziness/vertigo, nausea, constipation, headache, somnolence,vomiting,pruritus, CNS stimulation, asthenia, sweating, dyspepsia, dry mouth, and diarrhea.
Pearls: May cause drowsiness
Avoid alcohol
Do not split, crush, or chew extended release tablets
Take with food or milk to avoid GI upset although analgesia may be delayed
Continuous use may produce psychic and physical dependence of the morphine type
Do not exceed the prescribed dosage
Contact a doctor if the side effects are severe
Store in a cool,dry place away from children
Ultram
Generic: Pantoprazole Sodium
Brand: __________, Gastric antisecretory
Side effects: diarrhea, headache, flatulence, and rash
Pearls: May be taken without regard to meals
Swallow tablet whole, do not split, chew, or crush
Granules should be mixed with applesauce or applejuice and swallowed immediately
Antacids may be taken at the same time
Store in a cool dry place away from sunlight and children
Contact a doc if the above side effects are severe or persistent
Protonix
Generic: Montelukast Sodium
Brand: ___________, antiasthmatic, antiallergy
Side effects: headache, influenza, cough, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, dizziness
Rare cases of psychiatric disorders including agitation, aggressive behavior, abnormal dreams, depression, and suicidal thinking
Pearls:
This medication should be taken regularly even when the pt is asymptomatic
This is not intended to treat asthmatic attacks and pts should have appropriate measures at hand to treat attacks.
Phenylketonurics should be aware that chewable tablets contain phenylalanine.
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible and return to normal dosing schedule
Store in a cool,dry place away from sunlight and children
Contact doc if side effects are severe or persistent
Granules can be given either directly in the mouth or mixed w/ a spoonful of soft food (applesauce, carrots, rice, or ice cream)
Singulair
