TOOTH MORPHOLOGY Flashcards
This is the portion of the tooth covered with enamel
Crown
This is the portion of the tooth covered with
cementum, it can be mono-rooted, bi-rooted (2),
multi-rooted (3 roots).
Root
What are the 4 major tissues of the tooth?
Enamel, dentin, pulp, and cementum
What are the hard tissues of the tooth?
Enamel, dentin, and cementum
What is the soft tissue of the tooth?
Pulp
This is the white, protective external surface layer of the anatomic crown; it is highly calcified or mineralized; the hardest substance in the body; it develops from the enamel organ(ectoderm); a product of specialized epithelial cells called ameloblasts
Enamel
This is the hard yellowish tissue underlying the
enamel and cementum; it makes up the major bulk of the inner portion of each tooth crown and root; it develops from the embryonic dental papilla
(mesoderm); the cells that form this are called
odontoblast
Dentin
What are the two junctions?
Cementodentinal junction and Dentinoenamel junction
It is the inner surface of the enamel
cap where enamel joins dentin
Dentinoenamel junction
This is the inner surface of cementum where cementum joins dentin
Cementodentinal junction
This is the dull yellow external layer of the tooth
root; it is very thin, especially next to the cervical
line; it develops from the dental sac (mesoderm); it is produced by cells called cementoblasts
Cementum
This separates the enamel of the crown from
the cementum of the anatomic root, this junction is also known as the cervical line, denoting that it surrounds the neck or cervix of the tooth.
Cementoenamel junction
This is the soft tissue in the cavity or space in the
center of the crown and root called the pulp cavity; it develops from the dental papilla (mesoderm)
Pulp
This is the cavity which contains the coronal pulp
Pulp chamber
This is located in the crown area
Coronal pulp
This contains the radicular pulp
Root canal
This is the pulp in the root area
Radicular pulp
This is the anatomic area at the tip/end of the root.
Apex
This is the opening at the apex of the root of a tooth, through which the nerve and blood vessels that supply the dental pulp pass.
Apical foramen
This is that part of the tooth normally covered by an enamel layer.
Anatomic crown
This refers specifically to the amount of tooth visible in the oral cavity
Clinical crown
This is defined as the supporting tissues of the teeth in the mouth, including surrounding alveolar bone, the gingiva, the periodontal ligament, and the outer, cementum layer of the tooth roots.
Periodontium
This is the portion of the upper (maxillary) or lower (mandibular) bones that surrounds the roots of the teeth.
Alveolar bone
This is the part of the soft tissue in the mouth that covers the alveolar bone of the jaws.
Gingiva
This is firmly bound to the underlying alveolar
bone; the portion of the gingiva extending from
the gingival margin to the alveolar mucosa
Attached gingiva
A collar of thin gingiva that surrounds each tooth; it is not attached.
Free gingiva/Marginal gingiva
This is part of the collar of free gingiva that extends between the teeth.
Interdental/Interproximal papilla
This is a very thin ligament composed of many tissue fibers that attach the outer layer of the tooth root to the thin layer of dense alveolar bone surrounding each tooth.
Periodontal ligament
This is a pyramidal elevation, or peak, located on the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars, and on the incisal edges of canines.
Cusps
This is a small elevation on some portion of the crown produced by an extra formation of enamel.
Tubercle
This is the inclined surfaces or slopes that converge toward the cusp tip to form an angle.
Cusp slopes/Cusp arms
This is located on the mesial and distal border of the lingual surface and converge toward the cingulum.
Marginal ridges (anterior)
This is located on the mesial and distal borders of the occlusal surface.
Marginal ridges (posterior)
These are located on each major cusp of posterior teeth. Each triangular ridge extends from a cusp tip toward the depression (sulcus) in the middle of the occlusal surface faciolingually.
Triangular ridge
This is when a triangular ridge from a facial cusp joins with a triangular ridge from an adjacent lingual
cusp, the two ridges together form a longer ridge.
Transverse ridge
This is found only on maxillary molars It crosses the occlusal surface obliquely and is made up of one
ridge on the mesiolingual cusp joining with the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp.
Oblique ridge
This is a subtle ridge running cervicoocclusally in the middle third of the buccal surface of premolars.
Buccal cusp ridge
This runs cervicoincisally and can be very prominent on maxillary canines.
Labial ridge
This is the outline of the entire tooth crown from the occlusal view.
Crown outline
This is the outline of the smaller occlusal surface that is bounded by adjoining mesial and distal cusp ridges and marginal ridges that surround it.
Occlusal table
This is the enlargement or bulge on the cervical third of the lingual surface of the crown on anterior teeth.
Cingulum
This is found on the facial surface of permanent molars (and all primary teeth), the subtle ridge running mesiodistally in the cervical one third of the facial surface of a crown. It is most pronounced on the outline of the mesiobuccal cusp of mandibular second molars.
Cervical ridge
These are three small tubercles or scallops, each formed from one of the three facial developmental lobes on the incisal edges of newly erupted incisors.
Mamelons
These are the numerous, minute horizontal ridges on the enamel of newly erupted permanent teeth.
Perikymata
This is where the nerves and blood vessels enter into the tooth pulp.
Apical foramen
This is neck of the tooth is the slightly constricted region of union of the crown and the root.
Cervix
This is the trunk base is the part of the root of a multi-rooted molar or tworooted premolar next to the
cementoenamel junction that has not yet split
Root trunk
This is the place on multirooted teeth where the root trunk divides into separate roots.
Furcation
This is seen on two-rooted teeth.
Bifurcation
This is seen on three-rooted teeth
Trifurcation
This is the interradicular space is the region or space between two or more roots, apical to the place where the roots divide from the root trunk
Furcal region
This is when the amount of curvature is greater on the mesial surface than on the distal surface of the same tooth
CEJ line
These are found on molars and premolars
on the occlusal surfaces mesial or distal to
marginal ridges.
Triangular fossa
These are the major, sharply defined
narrow, linear depressions formed during
tooth development and usually separating
the lobes or major portions of a tooth.
Developmental grooves
Tooth with longest crown.
Mandibular canine
Tooth with longest crown (according to woefel research)
Maxillary incisor
Longest tooth overall
Maxillary canine
Widest tooth mesiodistally
Mandibular first molar
Widest tooth buccolingually
Maxillary first molar
Narrowest tooth mesiodistally
Mandibular central incisor
This refers to the amount of tooth that is not visible since it is covered with gingiva.
Clinical root
This is the part of a tooth covered by cementum.
Anatomic root
This is the potential space between the free gingiva and the tooth
Gingival sulcus
This cusp is only found at the maxillary first molars; this is a small additional cusp at the mesiopalatal line angle of maxillary first molars.
Cusp of carabelli
