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Histopathology - Exam 1 > Tooth Development > Flashcards

Tooth Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is the tooth anatomy structures

A

Enamel
Dentin
Cementum
pulp

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2
Q

What is periodontium made of?

A

Gingiva
Periodontal ligament
Cementum
Alveolar bone proper

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3
Q 
Initiation ->
Bud stage ->
Cap stage -> 
Bell stage ->
Apposition ->
Maturation ->
A

Cellular induction
Cellular proliferation
Proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis
Proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis
Induction and proliferation
Maturation

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4
Q

Epithelium (ectoderm) plays an “instructional” role during what stage of tooth formation

A

Pre-tooth bud stage

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5
Q

Epithelium specifies the “dental mature” of what

A

the mesenchyme

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6
Q

The mesenchyme specifies the ____ ____ and nature of the product produced by the epithelium (enamel matrix)

A

Tooth type (incider vs. molar)

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7
Q

Steps to tooth development starting with primitive oral ectoderm

A

primitive oral ectoderm -> enamel organ -> outer dental epithelium -> stellate reticulum -> stratum intermedium -> inner dental epithelium -> ameloblasts -> enamel

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8
Q

Lamina is separated from the surrounding mesenchyme by

A

A basement membrane

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9
Q

Ectoderm invaginate into the mesenchyme and is now called the

A

Dental lamina

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10
Q

During induction what is working?

A 
Oral ectoderm (epithelium)
Early dental lamina
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11
Q

During bud stage what is working?

A

8th wk
Apoptosis
Oral ectoderm
Dental lamina

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12
Q

During early cap stage what is working?

A

Apoptosis resulting in creation of buccal vestibule.
Dental lamina
Outer dental epithelium
Early stellate reticulum

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13
Q

During cap stage what is working?

A 
Dental lamina
Enamel organ 
- Outer enamel epithelium
- Stellate reticulum (loosely packed cells): holds shape
- Inner enamel epithelium
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14
Q

During cap stage what is working?

A 
Oral ectoderm
Dental lamina
Stellate reticulum
Outer enamel epithelium
Inner enamel epithelium
Dental papilla
Dental follicle (aka dental sac)
Cervical loop
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15
Q

During bell stage what is working?

A

All layers of the enamel organ can be differentiated

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16
Q

O.E.E - Outer epithelium

A

Cuboidal cells

Protective barrier

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17
Q

I.E.E - inner epithelium

A

Cuboidal cells

Differentiate into ameloblatsts

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18
Q

Stellate reticulum

A

Star-shaped cells forming network inside enamel organ

Supportive function in enamel production

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19
Q

Stratum Intermedium

A

Compressed layer of flat cuboidal cells

Supportive function in enamel production

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20
Q

Dental sac

A

Collagen fibers around enamel organ

Differentiate into cementum, PDL and bone

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21
Q

Dental papilla

A

Cells nearest IEE have basement membrane separation

Outer cells differentiate into odontoblasts, whereas inner cells differentiate into pulp tissue

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22
Q

Cervical loop

A

Junction of the outer & inner enamel epithelia.

Site of cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) in the adult tooth (aka cervix)

23
Q

Root Development

A

Cervical loop
Stellate reticulum
stratum intermedium
pre-odontoblasts

24
Q

Hertwigs epithelial root sheath

A

Fusion and apical extension of the outer and inner enamel epithelia. Determines the outline of the root dentin and the number of roots a tooth will have. It is removed before the cementum is laid down

25
Q

Enamel formation stops at the termination of the

A

enamel organ, although dentin formation centimes and pushes the tooth occlusally

26
Q

Root length is not complete until

A

1-4 yrs after the tooth has emerged into the oral cavity. The pulp chamber narrows and the apical opening constricts

27
Q

Apposition stage

A

Stellate reticulum
Stratum intermedium (produces alkaline phosphatase)
Inner enamel epithelium -> ameloblasts -> enamel
Peripheral cells of dental papillae -> odontoblasts -> dentin

28
Q

Mantle dentin

A 
1st formed dentin
30-50mM thick 
Contains both type 1 and 3 collagen 
Collagen fiber in the matrix are oriented perpendicular to the DEJ 
Stimulates amelblasts to make enamel
29
Q

Migration of ameloblasts moves _____

Migration of odontoblasts moves ______

A

Peripherally

Inward (centrally)

30
Q

What is actively secreting ameloblasts

A

tall columnar cells

31
Q

After completion, inactive (aka reduced) ameloblasts are _____ __ _____ _____ ____

A

Short columnar or elongated cuboidal cells

32
Q

What happens at the final stage of mineralization

A

the reduced amelblasts with the remaining cells of the outer enamel epithelium, stellate reticulum and stratum intermedium form a membrane on the surface of the enamel - primary cuticle

33
Q

Anodontia

A

refers to the total lack of tooth development - no teeth at all

34
Q

Hypodontia

A

denotes the lack of development of one of more teeth

35
Q

Oligodontia

A

indicates the lack of formation of six or more teeth (a subdivision of hypodontia)

36
Q

Hyperdontia

A

the development of an increased number of teeth (the additional teeth are termed supernumerary)

37
Q

Supernumerary teeth

A

Defect that originates during initiation stage that results in development of one or more extra teeth

38
Q

Unilateral supernumerary bicuspids can be within families

A

brother had it and brother

39
Q

Mesodens

A

the most common manifestation of supernumerary tooth formation - btw central incisors

40
Q

Odontoma

A

originates during initiation stage and results in multiple small fragments of tooth structure consisting of dentin, enamel, cementum or any combination - extra growth with no distinct pattern

41
Q

Complex odontoma

A

Comprised of a conglomerate mass of enamel and dentin that bears no anatomic resemblance to a tooth - have to remove bc they tend to grow

42
Q

Compound odotoma

A

Comprised of multiple, small tooth-like structures

43
Q

Taurodontism

A

an enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of multicoated teeth with apical displacement of the bifurcation (an exceptionally long root trunk with very short roots)

44
Q

Dilaceration

A

defined as an abnormal angulation or bend in the root

45
Q

Gemination

A

Defect that originates during cap stage of development that results in large single-rooted tooth with one pulp cavity and exhibits “twinning” in crown area

46
Q

Gemination

A

Tooth count is normal when the double tooth is counted as one.
1 large single root, 1 pulp cavity, but “2 crowns” it tries to split and be 2

47
Q

Fusion

A

Refers to a double tooth in which the tooth count reveals a missing tooth when the double tooth is counted as one. 2 tooth: 2 RCs try to become 1

48
Q

How do you tell gemination and fusion apart

A

count all the teeth and if you are missing 1 = fusion and if normal = gemination

49
Q

Concrescence

A

Defet occurring during apposition and maturation stages that results in union of root structure of two or more tooth be cementum

50
Q

Tubercle formation

A

Defect occurring during cap stage of development that results in an extra cusp due to effects on enamel organ

51
Q

Dentigerous cyst (aka follicular cyst)

A

originates by separation of the dental follicle (dental sac) from the crown of an unerupted tooth. The cyst is attached to the CEJ. This cyst type comprises 20% of all jaw cysts

52
Q

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC)

A

Arises from the cells rests of the dental lamina (or rests of serres). Bone expanding cysts. Located in the posterior mandible often present as multilocular lesions. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice.

53
Q

Cyst wall consists of

A

a 6-8 cell layer of stratified squamous epithelium with parakeratosis at the luminal surface. The lumen is often filled with keratin. The presence of inflammation with generally cause epithelial proliferation and passisading of the basal cell layer

54
Q

Ameloblastoma

A

The most common neoplastic lesion arising from odontogenic epithelium. A slow growing, locally invasive tumor. Lesions have a multilocular or “soap bubble” appearance on radiographs. The tumors are radio-resistant - must be surgically removed.

Histopathology - Exam 1 (3 decks)

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