tool_s Flashcards
- Verbal language
(150,000 years ago): Allows complex communication and social cohesion
- Telegraph
(1844): First electrical long-distance communication, impact on trade and diplomacy
- Clay tablets
(3500 BC): First administrative and accounting records
- Cuneiform writing
(2600 BC): Development of systematic thinking and legal codification
- Cinema
(1895): Development of visual language and mass entertainment
- Gestures and facial expressions
(2 million years ago): Group co-ordination and non-verbal communication
- Phoenician alphabet
(1050 BC): Accessibility to writing, influence on modern alphabets
- Egyptian hieroglyphs
(3200 BC): Pictographic system for religious and commemorative uses
- Printing with movable type
(1455): Access to written culture, acceleration of the spread of knowledge
- Cave paintings
(35,000 years ago): First symbolic visual representations
- Musical instruments
(40,000 years ago): Music as a means of social cohesion and emotional expression
- Newspapers
(1605): Formation of public opinion and continuous information
- Novels and posters
(18th-19th century): Birth of popular culture and advertising
- Telephone
(1876): Personal communication at a distance, a new dimension of sociality
- Radio
(1895): First means of mass communication, information and popular culture
- Encyclopaedias
(1728): Systematic organisation of knowledge, support for the Enlightenment
