tony blair (1997-2007). Flashcards
1
Q
What did Blair have rewritten in 1995.
A
Clause IV.
1
Q
Gordon Brown’s promise to economy.
A
To follow Conservative spending plans.
2
Q
Alastair Campbell.
A
Blair’s press secretary.
3
Q
What % of votes did Conservatives get in the 1997 election.
A
31%.
4
Q
Two campaign groups advocating gay rights.
A
- Outrage!
- Stonewall.
5
Q
What caused mass criticism of the Queen in 1997.
A
Princess Diana’s death.
6
Q
Who was involved in the Young British Artists and what was the point.
A
Damian Hirst, Sarah Lucas and Tracey Emin, to challenge the expectations and norms of art.
7
Q
What caused moral panic.
A
‘Acid house’ music inspiring raves and free parties which promoted LSD and ecstasy.
8
Q
Blair’s famous 1997 Diana quote and results of popularity poll following.
A
- “The people’s princess.”
- 93%.
9
Q
The Third Way.
A
Political ideology between the Old Labour socialism and Thatcherite Conservatism.
10
Q
‘Control freakery’.
A
Blair’s tight control over media messages and revealing party splits, particularly between Blair and Brown.
11
Q
How many Conservative MPs in Scotland in 1997.
A
0.
12
Q
What did Scottish and Welsh devolution involve.
A
Scottish and Welsh Assembly established.
13
Q
Issue in the Scottish and Welsh devolution.
A
Welsh Assembly had less powers.
14
Q
When was Northern Irish government devolved.
A
1998 in the Good Friday Agreement.
15
Q
Result of north-east of England referendum for devolution.
A
Overwhelmingly rejected.
16
Q
Why did Blair block Ken Livingstone from being labour candidate for mayor of London and what happened following.
A
Represented the looney left, so he left the party and ran separetley, won, and rejoined the Labour Party.
17
Q
House of Lords reform.
A
1999; cut hereditary peers to 92, seen as unsatisfying.
18
Q
Reform to Parliment.
A
Roy Jenkins reported in 1998 a new, more proportional system of voting, bu no changes were made.
19
Q
Freedom of Information Act.
A
2000; gave people the right to request information from public bodies.
20
Q
Result of the Freedom of Information Act.
A
- Over 100,000 requests made each year.
- Blair called himself a “naive, foolish, irresponsible nincompoop” for it.
- Prevented politicians making difficult decisions.
21
Q
Human Rights Act.
A
1998; incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights.
22
Q
Results of the Human Rights Act.
A
In 2004, government had to ammend anti-terrorist legislation to allowing indefinitie detainment of non-UK suspected terrorists.
23
Q
When did Labour meet their 5 pledges.
A
2001.
24
Blair's promised key committment for Labour.
"Education, education, education."
25
Blairs promise from when he was shadow Home Secretary.
"Tough on crime, tough on the causes of crime."
26
2001 special delivery unit.
Meant to ensure reforms were implemented.
27
2000 blockade of farmers reason.
- Rising fuel prices.
- Foot and mouth disease.
28
2002 march of half a million of the Countryside Alliance.
Government attempt to ban hunting with dogs.
29
When was hunting with dogs banned.
2004.
30
Browns economic aims.
- Keep inflation down.
- Control government spending.
- Prove Labour was pro-buisness and trustworthy.
31
Brown's first, main economic move.
Making the Bank of England Independant so they could set interest rates themselves.
32
Brown rule for the Treasury.
About how much could be borrowed by the government.
33
Brown's economic move after 2001.
Injection of money into public services.
34
Will Hutton criticism of economy.
Built on rising house prices, credit card spending and personal debt rather than productivity.
35
John Hume, SDLP leader, role in Northern Ireland agreements.
Convinced Gerry Adams and Martin McGuiness
36
George Mitchell's role in Northern Ireland negotiations.
Clinton's special envoy.
37
Irish Taoiseach.
Bertie Ahern.
38
Mo Mowlam's role in Northern Ireland.
Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, kept paramilitaries on board by visiting Maze prison.
39
David Trimble.
Leader of Ulster Unionist Party.
40
When were Northern Ireland final negotiations.
April 1998.
41
Agreement reached in Northern Ireland April negotiations.
Referendum put to the Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland.
42
Key elements of the Good Friday Agreement.
- Both UK and Irish Republic give up claim on Northern Ireland.
- Devolved Assembly with a power sharing Executive would be set up.
- Links between Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland would be strengthened.
- Release of prisoners when paramilitary organisations committed to peace.
43
Results of Northern Ireland Referendum.
71% of Northern Ireland and 94% of Republic voted yes.
44
Omagh bombing.
1998, by the IRA, killed 30 people.
45
Sinn Fein leader concerns after the GFA.
A republican backlash against them 'selling out'.
46
Ulster Unionist concern after the GFA.
The negative influence of Ian Paisley and the Democratic Unionist Party.
47
St Andrews Agreement.
2006; reiterated the GFA.
48
When were devolved insitutions in NI suspended.
2002.
49
Disagreements in Ireland following the GFA.
- Whether paramilitaries had decommissioned.
- Early release of convicted terrorists.
- Right of the Protestant Orange Order to march.
50
When did Major resign.
1997.
51
Who replaced Major.
William Hauge.
52
How did Hauge unite Conservatives initially.
Ruling out entry into a single currency.
53
'Mod's.
Conservatives who wanted to modernise the Party.
54
'Rockers'.
Conservatives who believed the public would make their way back to the more traditional Party.
55
When did Hauge resign.
2001.
56
Who replaced Hauge.
Iain Duncan Smith.
57
Compassionate Conservativism.
Political philosophy characterised by awareness of social implications of economic policy.
58
How did Iain Duncan Smith promote Compassionate Conservativism.
Visiting deprived Easterhouse estate in Glasgow.
59
What did Conservatives vote against under Iain Duncan Smith.
- Repeal of Section 28.
- Allowing unmarried couples to adopt.
60
Issue with Iain Duncan Smith supporting British entry into Iraq.
Kenneth Clarke claimed it meant Conseratives couldn't criticise the unpopular Labour decision.
61
Press scandal involving Iain Duncan Smith.
Revealed he was paying his wife to act as his diary secretary.
62
Who replaced Iain Duncan Smith in 2003.
Micheal Howard.
63
Micheal Howard's work.
- Unified mods and rockers.
- Social justice work was abandoned.
- Promoted modernisers to his cabinet.
64
Who replaced Micheal Howard in 2005.
David Cameron.
65
Battle of the Davids.
Leadership contest between David Cameron and David Davis.
66
Groups David Cameron aimed to include.
Ethnic minorities, gay people, single mothers and youths.
67
David Cameron's key promises.
- To address Climate Change,
- Promote gay rights.
- Protect the NHS.
- Increase overseas aid.
68
Shadow Chancellor under David Cameron.
George Osborune.
69
George Osbournes economic promise.
To maintain Labour levels of spending on public services.
70
2001 Conservative manifesto focus.
- fight to save the pound.
- hard line against Immigration.
71
2005 Conservative Manifesto promises.
- Tough line on immigration.
- Tough on travellers.
- Tough on law and order.
- Tax cuts, meaning reduction in public spending.
72
Micheal Portillo comment on 2005 election.
'Victor Meldrew' manifesto.
73
Which other Party had a rise in support.
UK independance Party.
74
New Labour and Trade Unions.
Did not repeal legislation passed under Thatcher and Major.
75
Which companies were privatised.
- The Air Traffic Control.
- London Underground.
76
The Transport Workers Union in 2004.
Expelled from the party due to branches donating to more left wing political parties.
77
European Social Charter.
European policies regarding employment and social rights.
78
What European Social Charter legislation did Labour not use.
Maximum working hour caps.
79
80
81
82
The New Deal programme.
Targeted groups of unemployed young people, older workers, the disabled and single parents.
82
National Minimum Wage.
1998.
82
Low Pay Commission.
Set to oversee and set minimum wage.
83
Results of Browns tax credits.
Means-tested benefits paid to people with low incomes with children or disabilities.
83
How did Labour try and get more women into parliment.
All-women shortlists for safe seat constituencies.
84
How many female MPs in 1997.
120.
85
Who was foregin secretary in 2006 and 2007.
Margaret Beckett.
86
Child care provision extention in 2007.
All 3 and 4 year olds entitles 12.5 hours a week of free nursery education.
87
Pay gap in 2007.
Women earnt 87% of what men earnt.
88
Report of domestic roles in 2007.
Women did three times the house work men did.
89
Who attended Blair's election party at Downing Street.
- Noel Gallagher.
- Vivienne Westwood.
- Helen Mirren.
90
Social Exclusion Unit.
1997; meant to coordinate effort to end social exclusion.
91
Sure Start centers.
Meant to provide families with guidance and information on preparing children for school.
92
Blairs pledge in 1999 in reference to young people.
To end child poverty in 20 years.
93
Effect on child poverty.
Down by a quater of what it was in 2001 by 2005.
94
Connexions service.
Advise teenagers on choices following school.
95
Number of young people not in employment, education or training by 2007.
20%.
96
Anti-Social Behaviour order.
Court order which put limits on what offenders could do, e.g. with curfews or bans, to prevent graffiti, vandalism or intimidation.
97
2005 London terrorist attack.
52 people killed by 4 suicide bombers on underground trains and a bus.
98
Secretary of state for local governments.
Created in 2006 to prevent extremism in communities.
99
National Identity Card Act.
2006; identity cards meant to fight terorrism.
99
Paul Boateng.
First black cabinet minister appointed in 2002.
100
Terrorist Act.
2006; increaed time a suspect could be held without charge.
101
Critics of the Terrorist Act.
Used experience of the Irish Troubles to warn against cutting back civil liberties as introduction of internment of terrorists had encouraged recruitment.
102
2001 opinion polls on immigration.
Seen as a vital issue by 3%.
103
2007 opinion polls on immigration.
Seen as a vital issue by 30%.
104
Migration Watch.
Pressure group discussing dangers of large numbers of immigrants oversaturating public services.
105
Economist argument about migrants.
- Filled labour shortages.
- Set up businesses.
- Did not make heavy demands on public services and would usually work in them
- Contributed to birth rates.
106
Gordon Brown response to joining the Euro.
Set a list of unrealistic conditions.
107
Aim in regard to Africa.
'Make poverty history' by reforming aid to Africa.
108
EU membership by 2007.
27 states.
109
New Europe.
Former communist USSR Eastern Europe states.
110
Issue with progress in Africa by 2007.
Slow.
111
Lisbon Treaty 2007.
Reformed constitution for the EU, seen as controversial.
112
President of the US in 1997.
Bill Clinton.
113
What convinced Blair of the necessity of the US.
Failure of the Yugoslavian crisis.
114
President of the US in 2000.
George W. Bush.
115
Criticism of Blair's forgein policy.
Overly dominated by US priorities.
116
Liberal interventionism.
Belief a country should intervene in another country for liberal aims.
117
Yugoslavian Crisis.
- 1999 prolonged NATO bombing campaign against Serbia.
- 2000, rebel forced from Sierra Leone threatened to take over Freetown.
- Britain sends armed forced to evacuate foreigners.
- British forces supported UN peacekeepers in ending the civil war.
118
Afghanistan.
- 9/11.
- 2001, Britain joins US military campaign to overthrow Taliban.
- Supported by NATO and UN.
- No instant pacification.
- Democratic regime implemented.
- Taliban regrouped in 2006.
119
Iraq.
- 2002, fears of Saddam Hussein's revival of power, linking with Al-Qeada and weapons of mass destruction.
- UN resolution forced SH to allow weapon inspectors into Iraq.
- 2003, US believed SH not cooperating and UN failed to reach resoluton in use of military force.
- Britain was in the 'coalition of the willing' during Americas launch into 2003.
- British troops remained in Iraq.
120
Controversy over Iraq.
- Four ministers, including foreign secretary Robin Cook, reisgned.
- Stop The War march through London.
- Accusations the government had exaggerated the issue.
121
New Labour aims for foreign policy.
- Make UK leading figure.
- Fostering a peoples diplomacy.
- Supply ethical content.
