TOLD Definitions

Question 1

Engine efficiency based on

Answer 1

95%

Question 2

What fuel and density

Answer 2

JP-8, 6.8 pounds per gallon

Question 3

ICAO Standard Atmosphere

Answer 3

Standard day: 15 C, 29.92 is sea level. Temperature variation is -2 C per 1000 ft up to 36,089 ft (then constant)

Question 4

NWS based on runway condition

Answer 4

Dry: on

Wet/Icy: off

Question 5

Normal Bleed Air

Answer 5

Air Conditioning and Pressurization

Question 6

Winds for takeoff

Answer 6

50% HW, 150% TW

Question 7

Critical Field Length

Answer 7

accel on all 4 engines, lose an engine and either stop or takeoff

Question 8

Balanced CFL

Answer 8

If the distances for both are the same; speed is called CEFS

Question 9

Unbalanced CFL

Answer 9

Stop distance is greater than takeoff distance; lessor of rotate speed or Vmcg. For a normal takeoff, CFL must not exceed runway available.

Question 10

Refusal Speed

Answer 10

Max speed the airplane can accelerate to with engines at takeoff power and then stop within remainder of the runway with: 2 symmetricals in reverse, 1 in ground idle, 1 windmilling, and max anti-skid braking

Question 11

Climb-Out Flight Path

Answer 11

Distance from brake release required to clear a given obstacle height, based on 3 engines

Question 12

Acceleration Time Check

Answer 12

If refusal speed is greater than takeoff speed: 40-120, take refusal, round down, -10 (3 knot tolerance)

Question 13

Vmca vs. Takeoff

Answer 13

If Vmca (1 eng, in ground effect) is greater than takeoff speed, use Vmca

Question 14

Normal flap retraction speed

Answer 14

Takeoff + 20 kn

Question 15

Min flap retraction speed

Answer 15

obstacle clearance speed

Question 16

Normal takeoff speed stall equivalence

Answer 16

1.1 times power-off stall speed

Question 17

Normal obstacle clearance speed stall equivalence

Answer 17

1.2 times power-off stall speed

Question 18

VMCG

Answer 18

The minimum speed at which the airplane may lose an outboard engine during the takeoff ground run and still maintain directional control

Question 19

VMCG assumptions

Answer 19

a. #1 windmilling on NTS
b. Max power on all operating engines
c. Zero bleed (also good for normal bleed)
d. Flaps 50% with 3000 psi rudder boost
e. Max available rudder deflection
f. Max deviation from runway centerline of 30 ft
g. Wings level

Question 20

1 Eng inop VMCA

Answer 20

the minimum speed at which directional and lateral control can be maintained

Question 21

1 Eng inop VMCA assumptions

Answer 21

a. #1 windmilling on NTS
b. Max power on all operating engines
c. Zero bleed (good also for normal bleed-reduces VMCA 2 knots below charted values)
d. Flaps 50%
e. Max available rudder deflection
f. 5 degrees favorable bank
g. Landing gear down
(Wings level increases VMCA by 11 knots, adverse bank: 20-35, feathered prop decreases by 2-4 knots)

Question 22

2 Eng inop VMCA assumptions

Answer 22

a. #1 windmilling on NTS
b. Max power on all operating engines
c. All bleed off (normal bleed decreases VMCA by 7 knots)
d. Flaps 50% (3,000 psi from booster hydraulic system only)
e. Max available rudder deflection
f. 5 degrees of favorable bank
g. Landing gear down
h. #2 engine feathered
i. Utility hydraulic system inoperative

Question 23

Cruise ceiling definition

Answer 23

Max rate of climb at 1010 is 300 fpm

Question 24

Service ceiling definition

Answer 24

Max rate of climb at 1010 is 100 fpm