TOLD Flashcards
Def: Takeoff Distance
Distance, in feet, from brake release to main gear liftoff
Def: Refusal Speed (BEO)
Maximum speed to which the aircraft is able to accelerate with both engines operating in MAX and abort with both engines operating
Def: Refusal Speed (EF)
Maximum speed to which the aircraft is able to accelerate with both engines operating in MAX and abort with an engine failure
Def: Single Engine Takeoff Speed (SETOS)
The speed at which the aircraft is able to climb, once clear of ground effect, at a minimum of 100 feet per minute with gear down, flaps 60%
Def: Decision Speed
The minimum speed at which the aircraft is able to experience an instantaneous engine failure and still accelerate to SETOS and takeoff in the remaining runway
Def: Critical Field Length
The total runway length required to accelerate with both engines operating to the CEFS, experience an engine failure, then either continue to accelerate to SETOS and takeoff, or stop in the same distance
Def: Critical Engine Failure Speed
The speed to which the aircraft accelerates with both engines, experience an engine failure, and permit either acceleration to SETOS and takeoff, or decelerate to a stop in the same distance
Def: Minimum Acceleration Check Speed
The minimum acceptable speed at the check distance with which takeoff should be continued
Refusal Speed Assumptions
1) 3-Second Delay
2) Under BEO, both engines producing MAX thrust. In EF, one engine is producing MAX thrust while the other is windmilling
3) Throttles are pushed to idle and aircraft decelerates. Cautious braking from 130-100 so desired braking is achieved in 2 seconds.
4) If aborted during rotation, aerobrake is held until 120 KCAS
5) Under BEO, both engines are producing idle thrust. Under EF, one is producing idle thrust and the other is windmilling
Decision Speed Assumptions
1) 3-second delay to recognize and react
2) At the end of 3-second reaction time, the aircraft maintains or returns to 3-point attitude and accelerated to SETOS with neutral stick
With a BAK-15, DS<=FS-EF
Use RS-EF
With a BAK-15, DS>RS-EF
Use TOS (OG/CC required)
With a BAK-15, DS>TOS
Takeoffs not authorized
Without a BAK-15, DS<=RS-BEO
Use RS-BEO
Without a BAK-15, DS>RS-BEO and <= RS-EF
Use RS-EF (OG/CC required)
Without a BAK-15, DS>RS-EF
Takeoffs are not authorized
Normal Rotation Speed
141 KCAS
Normal Takeoff Speed
165 KCAS
5% variation in touchdown speed is __% variation in landing distance
10%
Wet runway (RCR = 12) increases landing roll by how much?
30%
Insufficient aerobraking affects landing roll by how much?
50%
Between SETOS and SETOS+10, 1 knot increases climb rate by _____ fpm
8-50 fpm
Gear door drag is not a factor above _______
SETOS + 10
How is Refusal Speed adjusted for Head/Tail Winds?
Add 1/2 the headwind
Subtract 70% of the tailwind
How much do you decrease MACS by for each 1000 feet of excess runway after CFL?
3 knots, not to exceed 10 knots
Landing distance assumptions
1) On-speed approach/landing
2) Flaps - 100%
3) Maintaining a 7.5 degree nose high attitude until aerobrake speed
4) Lowering the nose wheel and applying brakes so desired braking is achieved in 2 seconds
When trying to accelerate to SETOS, when is the last distance remaining board to rotate?
2 board (technique)
