Token Economy Flashcards
Explain Bassett and Blanchard’s limitations of TE systems (Ao3 - Token Economy) ++
They found that all benefits of TE systems were lost if staff applied the techniques inconsistently.
They found this was due to poor staff training and high staff turnover.
Explain why TE systems are easy to implement (AO3 - Token Economy) ++
It is easy to administer, no specialist professionals are needed. They are cost effective and easy to follow.
Explain what Blackburn said about the rehabilitative value of TE systems (Ao3 - Token Economy) ++
Blackburn said that TE systems have little rehabilitative value as that positive changes in behaviour will be lost when they are released.
Other treatments such as anger management may have more permanent effects.
Explain why TE systems are seen as unethical (Ao3 - Token Economy) ++
Critics say that it is dehumanising and manipulative. Prisoners cannot opt out and the withdrawal of privileges such as exercise and visits from family can be seen as breaching human rights.
Explain Field’s (2004) study into TEs and young people (Ao3 - Token Economy)
Field found a TE system used with young people with behavioural problems was generally effective.
However a few young people did not respond - and these were laced on a special programme with more immediate and more frequent results which worked better.
Explain Hobbs and Holt’s supporting study into youths and TE systems (Ao3 - Token Economy)
Hobbs and Holt used a TE system for young offenders in 3 units.
They found a significant difference in positive behaviours, compared to the 4th control unit.
Explain the Cohen & Filipczak (1971) evaluation into the long term effects of the TE systems (So3 - Token Economy)
Cohen and Filipczak found evidence to show that TEs do not work in the long run.
Offenders who took part in a TE programme were less likely to have reoffended within 2 years, but after 3 years reoffending rates were back at national average.
