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Earthquakes/ Tsunamis > Tohoku > Flashcards

Tohoku Flashcards

1
Q

Date of Event

A

11th March 2011

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2
Q

Richter

A

9.1

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3
Q

Mercalli

A

X

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4
Q

Epicentre Distance

A

70km East of Oshika Peninsula of Tohoku

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5
Q

Focus Depth

A

32km

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6
Q

Type of Plate boundary

A

Destructive Subduction

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7
Q

Plate Involved

A

Pacific Plate subducted by Eurasian Plate

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8
Q

Why so Destructive?

A

from shallow focus of only 32km –> allowed crustal material to be shoved up and over sea floor to move upwards by 10s of metres in seconds

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9
Q

Height of Wave

A

38m

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10
Q

How many fatalities?

A 
approx. 
16,000 deaths
5,000 missing
5,500 injured
130,000 displaced
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11
Q

Infrastructure damage

A 
over 
330,000 buildings
2 roads
56 bridges
26 railways 
damaged or destroyed
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12
Q

Economic loss

A

$309bn

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13
Q

Predicted time back to normal

A

5 years

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14
Q

Most important impact

A

Japans nuclear power industry- 3 meltdowns at Fukishima
Caused contamination of sea, land and forced evacuation of locals
Brave team of emergency workers gave lives to prevent explosions

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15
Q

Further problems

A

heavy snow- blocked roads

Earthquake + Tsunami destroyed dam, cut off electrical connections and caused fires.

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16
Q

Social Impacts

A

20km radius around Fukishima Evacuated

4.4 million households left without electricity and 1.5 million without water

17
Q

Short Term Responses

A

Displaced given resources
Search and Rescue
NGOs- Redcross $1bn

18
Q

Hazard+Meterological Agencies

A

Set up for the prediction of earthquakes and tsunamis

  • Detected Earthquake and issued televised warning just after very rapid P waves hit but before very damaging S waves hit. Gave people a chance to get out the buildings to safety.
  • Predicted the tsunami 3 minutes after major earthquakes, giving people 20 minutes to get to safety.
19
Q

Long Term

A

Re-building, re construction. Port facilities rebuilt, tsunami defence system reconsidered and extended.

Earthquakes/ Tsunamis (3 decks)

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