Toddler and Preschooler Growth & Development

Question 1

A reduced rate of growth occurs between ___ and ___ years resulting in fewer caloric needs and decreased appetite:

Answer 1

2 to 6 years

Question 2

Growth in length is approximately ___ inches per year and wight gain approximately ___ pounds per year:

Answer 2

3 inches and 4.5 pounds per year

Question 3

The average 6 year old weighs about ___ lbs and is approximately ___ inches tall:

Answer 3

46 lbs and 46 inches

Question 4

Able to balance on each foot 2 seconds:

Answer 4

2.5 years

Question 5

Hops:

Answer 5

3.5 years

Question 6

Walks up stairs alternating feet:

Answer 6

3.5 years

Question 7

Walks on tip toes:

Answer 7

3.5 years

Question 8

Heel-to-toe walking:

Answer 8

4.5 years

Question 9

Builds tower of 8 cubes:

Answer 9

2.5 years

Question 10

Thumb wiggle:

Answer 10

2.5 years

Question 11

Copies circle:

Answer 11

3.5 years

Question 12

Draws person with 6 parts:

Answer 12

4.5 years

Question 13

Copies square:

Answer 13

5 years

Question 14

Piaget’s pre-operational stage:

Answer 14

2-7 years

Question 15

Pre-conceptural stage:

Answer 15

2-4 years

Question 16

Intuitive stage:

Answer 16

4-7 years

Question 17

Children in this substage of development learn by asking questions such as, “Why?” and “How come?”:

Answer 17

Piaget’s intuitive stage

Question 18

During this substage the preschooler is unable to form true concepts and often reasons in the form of unrelated judgement without logical organization. The child’s reasoning is tied to his perceptions and therefore his thinking is often distorted. :

Answer 18

Piaget’s preconceptual phase

Question 19

Centration:

Answer 19

Preschoolers’ tendency to focus on one idea or characteristic feature of an object or situation at one time

Question 20

Egocentrism:

Answer 20

Preschoolers’ tendency to focus thinking and understanding about the world from their own perspective only

Question 21

Animism:

Answer 21

Everything animate or inanimate thinks and feels the way the preschooler dose

Question 22

Increased complexity of sentences including 4-5 words:

Answer 22

3.5 years

Question 23

Carries out 2-3 item commands:

Answer 23

3 years

Question 24

Understands opposite analogies:

Answer 24

4 years

Question 25

Understands “if”, “because”, and “when”:

Answer 25

5 years

Question 26

Strict parenting with firm or harsh discipline and without questioning; high expectations, low support, low parent-child communication:

Answer 26

Authoritarian parenting style

Question 27

Few demands and low expectations:

Answer 27

Permissive parenting style

Question 28

Low expectations with high support and high parent-child communication:

Answer 28

Democratic-indulgent parenting style

Question 29

Low expectations with low support and low parent-child communication:

Answer 29

Permissive-neglectful parenting style

Question 30

Firm limits but opportunity for dialogue; high expectations, high support, and high parent-child communication; associated with best outcomes:

Answer 30

Authoritative parenting style

Question 31

Common form of aggression among preschoolers focused on retrieving an object, space, or a special privilege; frequently decreases with increased understanding of sharing and impulse control:

Answer 31

Instrumental aggression

Question 32

Person-oriented aggression that is not common among preschoolers but may emerge with school entry if impulse control remains problematic:

Answer 32

Hostile aggression

Question 33

Infants engage in the earliest level of sensorimotor or skill mastery play; associated with little awareness of other children:

Answer 33

Solitary play

Question 34

Toddlers engaging in similar play activity but with minimal interaction:

Answer 34

Parallel play

Question 35

Preschool children exhibit some interaction and sharing of toys may occur but not organized and consistent enough to be called a game:

Answer 35

Associative play

Question 36

Toddlers watch other children play and exhibit curiosity:

Answer 36

Onlooker play

Question 37

Preschool children take turns actively playing together:

Answer 37

Cooperative play

Question 38

Preschool children participate in make believe play during which they create and act out a scene such as “playing house”:

Answer 38

Dramatic or pretend play

Question 39

Preschool children engage in physical play involving gross motor activities like running, jumping, chasing, and wrestling that appears aggressive but is actually playful:

Answer 39

Rough-and-tumble play

Question 40

Partial arousal from deep non-REM sleep with minimal recollection of screaming/thrashing:

Answer 40

Night terrors

Question 41

Can distinguish gender and will identify themselves as a boy or a girl at this age:

Answer 41

2 years

Question 42

Begin to show sex typed preferences; gender identity is usually firmly established:

Answer 42

3-4 years

Question 43

Begin to express notions about how males and females should dress, behave, and feel:

Answer 43

5-6 years