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PEDS EXAM 1 > TODDLER > Flashcards

TODDLER Flashcards

1
Q

Temperment

A

temper tantrums result when toddlers are frustrated with restrictions on independece. best strategy is to ignore them, abstinancy occur

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2
Q

rugrats

A

intense period of exploration = safety issue, at risk for injury

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3
Q

Weight gain

A

SLOWS, 4-6 lbs per year

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4
Q

Birth weight

A

quadrupled by 2.5 years of age

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5
Q

Height

A

increases 3 inches per year

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6
Q

Growth pattern

A

steplike rather than linear

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7
Q

Average weight

A

27 lbs

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8
Q

average height

A

34 in (86cm)

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9
Q

Appearance

A

squat, pot bellied (lordosis) of less well-developed abdominal muscles and short legs, slightly bowed and large trunk

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10
Q

Improved coordination

A

between ages 2 and 3

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11
Q

fine motor development

A

should not be hand dominant yet

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12
Q

Improved manual dexterity

A

12-15 months

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13
Q

throw ball

A

18 months

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14
Q

Locomotion

A

is the major gross skill developed in toddler

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15
Q

Walk alone

A

12-14 mos

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16
Q

Run

A

18 months

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17
Q

walk up and down stairs

A

2-3 years

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18
Q

By 2-3 years can

A

jump with 2 feet, stand on one foot, walk on tiptoe, and climb stairs with alternate feet

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19
Q

Coordination and equilibrium in walking, running pretty refined

A

by 3 years

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20
Q

Throw and retrieve toy, put shape into appropriate shaped hole, scribble spontaneously

A

15 months

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21
Q

throw ball overhand without losing balance, build tower of 3-4 blocks

A

18 months

22
Q

build tower of 6-7 blocks, copy circular stroke and vertical line

A

24 months

23
Q

Visual acuity

A

20/40

24
Q

Most physiologic systems

A

relatively mature by the end of toddlerhood

25
Q

Common among toddlers

A

upper resp infections, otitis media, tonsilitis

26
Q

voluntary control of elimination, sphincter control

A

18-24 months; able to stay dry for 2 hrs, impatient with wet or soiled diapers

27
Q

Erikson:

A

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt: MEMEME, if not suceed, regress to infant, negativism, ritualization (provides sense of comfort): independence is paramount for toddlers who are attempting to do everything for themselves

28
Q

Freud

A

anal stage (its all about me and my control

29
Q

Play

A

solitary play into parallel play, todds observe other children and then may engage in activities nearby; privde blocks, wheel toys, puzzles, crayons, enjoy repritive stories and short songs
tactiles play: if child doesnt like smooth or rough, crinkled, diff sounds, look if child under or over stimulated. autism?

30
Q

Appropriate activities

A

filling emptying containers, playing with blocks, looking at books, plyaing with toys that can be pushed or pulled, tossing balls

31
Q

Piaget

A

sensorimotor and preconceptual phase: awareness of causal relationships btw two events (if this, then taht) learn spatial relationships (stacking, aware of spatial surroundings); preconcept: begins age 2, transition btw self-satisfying behavior and socialized relationships

32
Q

Moral-kohlberg

A

agrees with freud, punishment and obedience orientation

33
Q

Nutrition

A

milk 2-3 cups per day, no more than 4. after 2 years transition to low, or skim milk. Too much milk to exclusion of solid food results in milk anemia. Rituals are important: fav dishes, sandwitches cut a certain way, limit fruit juice to 4-6 oz per day.

34
Q

physiologic anorexia

A

become picky, fussy eaters with strong taste preferences, eat a bunch one day, little next, usually balances out and not of concern, may pick up food likes/dislikes of others

35
Q

Car seat birth to 2 years

A

up to 20 pounds and 26 inchs long: use rear facing, set shoulder straps below childs shoulder level

36
Q

car seat 2-4 years

A

20-40 lbs, 26-40 inchses; use forward facing seat, position the straps at or above shoulder level

37
Q

car seat for 4-8 yr

A

40-80 lbs, 40-57 in tall: use belt-positioning booster seat or a high back, belt positioning booster seat that uses the vehice’s lap shoulder belt. Dont use a shielf type booster seat.

38
Q

immun: 12-15 months

A

IPV (6-18) Hib PCV MMR varicella

39
Q

immun: 12-23

A

Hep A, 6 mos apart

40
Q

immun 15-18

A

Tdap

41
Q

immun: 12-36

A

yearly flu

42
Q

VS:HR

A

70-120

43
Q

VS: RESP

A

20-40

44
Q

VS: BP

A

90/56

45
Q

VS TEMP

A

36.7-37.7

46
Q

Head circum

A

49-50cm by 2 years, increaes only 3cm in 2nd year, achieves 90% of adult-size brain by 2 years

47
Q

Height

A

at 2 years, hieght is 50% of future adult height

48
Q

Uses cup well by

A

15 months

49
Q

Copies a circle

A

by 3 years

50
Q

Able to speak

A

300 words by 2 years

51
Q

Deciduous teeth

A

approx 20 present by 2.5-3years

PEDS EXAM 1 (3 decks)

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