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PEDS EXAM 1 > INFANCY > Flashcards

INFANCY Flashcards

1
Q

Expected weight gain per week for first 6 months

A

5-7 oz

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2
Q

Double birth weight by?

A

6 months

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3
Q

Triples birth weight by?

A

1 year (average 21.5 pounds, or 9.75kg); breast fed infants gain less weight but catch up

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4
Q

Grasp objects?

A

2-3 months

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5
Q

Transfers objects between hands?

A

7 months

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6
Q

Uses a pincer grasp

A

10 months (pick up a raisin)

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7
Q

Removes objects from container?

A

11 months

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8
Q

Builds a tower of two blocks?

A

12 months

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9
Q

Head Control

A

3 months

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10
Q

Roll over

A

5-6 months

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11
Q

Sit alone leaning forward on their hands for support

A

7months

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12
Q

Move from prone to sitting position

A

10 months

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13
Q

RED FLAG: Head lag 6 months

A

Should hold up complete at 6 months

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14
Q

Direction of develpment

A

Cephalocaudal

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15
Q

Crawling?

A

6-7 months; crawls forward and backward by 10 mos

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16
Q

Creep (alter arms & legs, moving forward)

A

9 months

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17
Q

Walk with assistance (furniture)

A

11 months

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18
Q

Walk alone

A

12 months

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19
Q

Erikson: birth to 1 year

A

Trust vs Mistrust: acquring sense of trust while overcoming sense of distrust. First 3-4 months food intake is most important social activity (for trust). Next is reaching out through grasping and than more active phase that follows includes biting (teething, oral stage)

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20
Q

Piaget:Birth to 2 years

A

Sensorimotor stage: sucks thumb -feels gratified, so sucks some mroe; squeeze toy and it quacks, squeezes again; imitation, play, affect
3things occur: separation, object permanence and mental representation

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21
Q

Freud: self-gratification, birth to 1 year

A

Oral Stage: need to have oral needs met

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22
Q

Separation Anxiety

A

4-8 months baby tells self from mother, 11-12 months anticipates mom leaving, resolves by 2 years

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23
Q

Stranger Fear

A

Onset is 6-8 months

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24
Q

Cyring

A

decreases by 12 weeks

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25
Q

Crying for attention

A

12 months

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26
Q

Throaty, coo & babble, 2 syllable sound

A

2mo, 3-4mos, 6 mos initiates sounds

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27
Q

put meanings to sounds

A

10-11 mos

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28
Q

Understand “no”

A

9-10 mos

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29
Q

expresses 5 words, receives 100

A

at 12 mos

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30
Q

Play: primarily narcissitic, revolves around boday

A

3-6mos undifferentiated play, 4 mos -laugh, 6-12 mo sensorimotor play

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31
Q

Teething

A

Lower central incisors 6-8 mos followed by upper. REMEMBER: age of child in months minus 6 months = # of teeth so 8months -6= 2 teeth

32
Q

Infant shoes

A

born with flat feet, arches develop with weight-bearing, shoes for protection at first, soft, flexible

33
Q

Breast milk should be only food

A

first 6 months

34
Q

If breast fed

A

iron supplements 4-6 mos

35
Q

Second 6 months of breast feeding?

A

continue, start iron foritifed rice cereal, veggies, then fruit add every 5-7 days.

36
Q

Sleep training method

A

lead children through series of predictables, pleasant, quiet bedtime rituals. Associate bedtime routine with being drowsy

37
Q

Graduated extinction

A

Put baby down while still awake, stay with baby until they fall asleep, gradually/progressively pay less attention

38
Q

Dental health

A

Cleanings begins when primary teeth erupt, fluoride at 6 months, if poor water supply

39
Q

Immunization: birth

A

hep B

40
Q

Immunization: 2 months

A

HepB, Tdap, Hib, IPV, PCV, RV

41
Q

Immunization: 4 months

A

HepB, Tdap, Hib, IPV, PCV, RV

42
Q

Immunization: 6 months

A

Hep B (6-18), Tdap, Hib, IPV (6-18), PCV, RV (done)

43
Q

Immunization: 12 months

A

Tdap (12-18), Hib (12-15), IPV , PCV (12-15),

Start: MMR, VARICELLA, HepA (2 doses 6 mo apart)

44
Q

VAERS

A

Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System - to report any adverse reactions after administration of any vaccine

45
Q

Colic

A

paroxysmal abdominal pain : therp mgmt:change formula, decrease stimuli, meds: sedatives, antispasmodics, simethicone)
No tx: some like to be bounced, swayed, car rides

46
Q

Growth Failure: Organic vs Nonorganic

A

Organic FTT: (within system, cant gaini weight) CHD, neuro lesions, CP, GERD
Nonorganic FTT: (deprived child on purpose) psychosocial factors, maternal knowledge
Diagnostic evals: evidence of growth failure, charts, food diary, activity chart, parents stature, lab tests: lead, anemia, stool
Treat: aimed at correcting cause-treat malnutrition, parent education
Prognosis: depends on age, age at dx, delays present

47
Q

SIDS: sudden infant death syndrome

A

no known etiology, 3rd leading cause of infant death in US, risk factors: prone sleeping, soft bedding, parental smoking. Primary nursing responsiblity is parental education and modeling appropriate behavior

48
Q

Apnea and ALTE (apparent life threatening events

A

Unexplained respiratory pause of 20 seconds or more; infats with ALTE’s are evaluated for underlying cause

49
Q

positional plagiocephaly

A

baby sleeps in the same position repeatedly; prevent be tummy time

50
Q

Renal Function

A

Glomerular filtration rate increases sharply after birth and first two weeks of life. Graudally improves and need to monitor I&O and hydration status

51
Q

Reactive Attachment Disorder

A

Rare; persistent failure or response to social stimuli in developmentally appropriate way; may result from neglect, abuse, abrupt separation

52
Q

Development of body image occurs

A

from infancy to 1 year of age

53
Q

Social development is guided by

A

attachment, language, social behavior, and play

54
Q

temperament influences..

A

social interaction

55
Q

Height average 6mo & 12 mo

A

6mo=65 cm 12mo=74cm

56
Q

Head circumference 6 & 12

A

6mo=43cm 12mo=46cm

The chest circumference equals HC by end of first year of life

57
Q

Posterior fontanel fuse

A

6-8 weeks

58
Q

Aneterior Fontanel close

A

12-18 months

59
Q

VS: Heart rate

A

100-170 - nb; 6mo 80-130

60
Q

VS: Resp rate

A

30-80 - nb; 20-40

61
Q

VS:BP

A

73.55 -90/56

62
Q

VS: temp

A

36.5-37.2 (97.7 - 98.9)

63
Q

hands closed

A

1 month

64
Q

hands open

A

3 months (if cant open by 6 months=RED FLAG)

65
Q

Palmer grasp is replaced by

A

pincer grasp at 5 months

66
Q

6 months

A

able to hold bottles, grasp their feet and pull them to mouth

67
Q

sits well unsupported

A

8 months and try to explore surrounding area

68
Q

propel themselves backward by pushing with arms

A

4-6 mos

69
Q

bear weight on their legs with assistance

A

6-7 mos

70
Q

Whole MILK introduced

A

12 months

71
Q

Solid food introduced

A

5-6 months, one food at a time, wait 407 days then introduce next food.

72
Q

Daily sleep

A

15 hrs

73
Q

Nocturnal sleep

A

9-11 hrs

74
Q

Car seat

A

rear facing from birth -2 years, middle seat, up to 20 lbs

74
Q

All reflexes are gone but babinski by

A

4 months

Babinski 12 months

PEDS EXAM 1 (3 decks)

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