Tobacco Dependence

Question 1

Nicotine

Answer 1

Cause of addiction
1. Nicotine acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
2 Stimulating dopamine release
3. Perceived as satisfaction due to smoking

Question 2

Chronic use of nicotine

Answer 2

Ach receptors are upregulated
Increased affinity and functional sensitivity to nicotine
Therefore less dopamine causes cravings

Question 3

Desensitisation

Answer 3

Takes 6-12 weeks to desensitise from smoking

Question 4

Treatment of addiction

Answer 4

Nicotine replacement therapy:

• patches - basal background nicotine level
• gum
• spray

Question 5

Harm reduction

Answer 5

E-cigarettes

Vape