TMJ ROM Flashcards
functional motions of the TMJ
opening (depression)
closure (elevation)
protrusion
retrusion
right and left excursion
what sex typically has more TMJ motion
males
which positions of the head affect TMJ MOTION
forward
neutral
retraced
— should be controlled when TMJ measurements are being taken
what plane/axis does mandibular depression occur in
sagittal plane
medial-lateral axis
what is normal ROM for mandibular depression
40-50 mm
testing position/motion for mandibular depression ROM
seated with cervical spine in neutral
asked to open their mouth as wide as possible
distance between upper and lower central incisors are measured
bottom of top incisor to top of lower incisor
end feel of mandibular depression
firm
what plane does mandibular protrusion occur in
transverse
normal ROM for protrusion
6-10 mm
position/motion of protrusion testing
seated with cervical spine in neutral
mouth opened slightly and patient is asked to push the chin anteriorly
distance between lower central incisor and upper central incisor are measured
end feel for protrusion
firm
what plane does lateral deviation occur in the mandible
transverse
normal ROM for lateral deviation
8-12 mm
position/motion for mandible lateral deviation
seated with cervical spine in neutral
opened slightly, patient asked to move their lower jaw as far as possible to one side
distance between line dividing upper and lower central incisors is measured
how are the muscles of mastication graded?
5 - able to perform full range w/o difficulty
3 - motion is performed but with difficulty or only through partial ROM
1 - no motion, contraction
muscles involved in elevation of mandible
masseter
medial pterygoid
temporalis
elevation of mandible testing motion/procedure
patient to close jaw firmly and clench teeth
palpation of the masseter and temporalis bilaterally to compare symmetry
what does the lateral pterygoid do during elevation of the mandible
superior head of lateral pterygoid eccentrically contracts to position the disc between the condyle and articular eminence
muscle that controls mandibular depression
lateral pterygoid
depression of mandible testing motion
patient asked to open mouth as wide as possible
examiner observes any lateral deviations
what muscles assist with depression of the mandible?
suprahyoid muscles
gravity as well
what muscles assist in protrusion
medial/lateral pterygoid
motion of mandibular protrusion testing
patient pushes jaw forward, moving lower teeth past upper teeth
bilateral contraction of the masseters will result in ___ whereas bilateral contraction of lateral pterygoids will result in______
slight protrusion
strong protrusion
muscles controlling excursion
medial/lateral pterygoid
motion for excursion testing of mandible
deviates jaw to one side
when one deviates the mandible to the left during an excursion test, which muscles are activated
left lateral pterygoid
right medial pterygoid
how may trigeminal nerve involvement affect a person’s jaw movement
can move the jaw to paralyzed side but cannot move it to the unaffected side
