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Head and Neck 1 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main 4 structural componenets of the TMJ

A
  • Squamous portion of temporal
  • Condylar head of mandible
  • Articular disc
    • Within TMJ
  • Ligaments
    • Serve as boundaries
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2
Q

TMJ Joint Classification

Movement and portion of joint

A
  • Ginglymoarthroidal joint
    • Gliding (sliding)
      • Translational movement
      • Proteusion/Protraction
      • Retrusion/ retraction
      • Upper part of joint
    • Hinge
      • Rotational movement
      • Elevation and depression
      • Lower part of joint
  • Diarthrotic joint
    • Capable of free movement
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3
Q

What is the mandibular (glenoid) fossa covered with

And whats its distribution

A
  • Avascular fibrocartilage (instead of hyaline cartilage)
  • Thickest in load bearing areas
    • Squamous portion
    • Disc
    • Condyle
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4
Q

Relations of Squamous and TMJ

Ant

A
  • Anterior
    • Articular eminence become articular tubercle
      • Attachment for the capsule and lateral (temporomandibular) ligament
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5
Q

Relation of Squamous and TMJ

Int

A
  • Intermediate
    • Glenoid (madibular) fossa
      • Depression for condyle
      • Thin layer of compact bone
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6
Q

Relation of Squamous and TMJ

Post

A
  • Posterior
    • Petrotympanic (squamotympanic) fissure
    • Tympanic plate tappering into postglenoid tubercle
      • Attachment for capsule and retrodiscal pad
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7
Q

What do the condyle articulate with

What is the articulating surface covered with

Where is the main load bearing

A

They articulate with the articular disc

Articular surface covered in Avascular fibrous CT

Lateral aspect is the main load bearing side

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8
Q

What type of bone the condylar

Measurements

A
  • Cancellous (spongy) bone covere by a thin layer of compact bone
  • Medilateral 20mm
  • Anteroposterior 10 mm
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9
Q

Articular Disc

Composed of

Located

A
  • AKA Meniscus
  • Composed of dense fibrous CT
  • Located btw squamous portion of temporal bone and condyle
  • Attaches to capsule
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10
Q

Anterior Band of Articular Disc

A
  • Medium thickness
  • Anterior to condyle with mouth closed
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11
Q

Intermediate band of articular disc

A
  • Thinest
  • Along the articular eminence with mouth closed
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12
Q

Posterior band of Articular Disc

A
  • Thickest portion of disc
  • Superior to condyle with mouth closed
  • Attached to bilaminar zone including retrodiscal pad
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13
Q

Medial/Lateral attachment of articular disc

A

Strong medial/lateral collateral ligaments

Attach disc to Condyle

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14
Q

Anterior attachment of articular disc

A

Disc attached to capsule and Superior head of lateral pterygoid

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15
Q

Superior attachment of articular disc

A

Disc is contiguous with bilaminar zone, blends with capsule

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16
Q

Bilaminar Zone

A

Poaterior to articular disc

Highly distortable

Divided into Sueprior lamina, Retrodiscal pad, Inferior lamina

17
Q

Superior lamina of bilaminar zone

A
  • Elastic fibers
  • Anchors superior aspect of posterior disc to the capsule and to bone, postglenoid tubercle and tympanic plate
18
Q

Retrodiscal pad of bilaminar zone

A
  • Sits postereior to condyle
  • Highly vascular and neural part of TMJ
  • Collagen elastic fibers, fat, nerves, blood vessels
19
Q

Inferior lamina of bilaminar disc

A
  • Collagen fibers
  • Anchors inferior of posterior disc to capsule
20
Q

TMJ Compartments

A

Articular disc divides TMJ into superior and inferior compartments

Lined with synovial membranes

21
Q

Superior Compartment of TMJ

Location and movement

A
  • Between squamous and srticular disc
  • Sliding, translation
22
Q

Inferior compartment

Location and movement

A

Between articular disc and condyle

Hinge, rotation

23
Q

Fibrous (joint) capsule or Capsular Ligament

A

Completely encloses articular surface of temporal bone and condyle

Many sensory receptors

Outer fibrous layer

Inner synovial layer

24
Q

Outer fibrous layer of Capsular ligament

A

Fibrous connective tissue

Toughned along medial and lateral aspects by ligaments

25
Q

Inner Synovial Layer

A

Lined by highly vascular synovial membrane

26
Q

Capsule attachments

Superior

A

Superior–> Rim of temporal articular surfaces

27
Q

Capsule attachments

Inferior

A

Inferior–>Condylar neck

28
Q

Capsule attachments

Medial

A

Medial–> Medial collateral ligament

29
Q

Capsule attachment

Lateral

A

Lateral–> Lateral Collateral ligament

30
Q

Capsule attachment

Anterior

A

Anterior–> Superior head of lateral pterygoid muscle

31
Q

Capsule attachments

Posterior

A

Posterior–> Retrodiscal pad

32
Q

Collateral (discal) ligaments

A

Composed of collagenous CT DO NOT STRETCH

Mediadial collateral- Connects medial articular disc to medial condyle

Lateral collateral ligament attaches lateral articular disc to lateral condyle

33
Q

Articular disc

Vasculature, innervation, load bearing

A
  • Avascural and aneural in intermediate (central) portion, high load bearing
  • Sligthly vascular and innervated in peripheral area, minimal load bearing
  • Main load bearing on lateral aspect, may be perforated
34
Q

(Lateral) Temporomandibular Ligament

Attachmnet points and gen function

A
  • Closest to joint
  • Just lateral to capsule, belnds in with it
  • Attaches to the margin of the articular tubercle to the neck of the mandible
  • Prevents lateral displacement
35
Q

Outer Oblique portion of Lateral Ligament

A
  • Largest portion
  • Limits opening of mandible
36
Q

Inner Horizontal Portion of Lateral Ligament

A
  • Smaller band
  • Limits posterior movement of articular disc and condyle
37
Q

Sphenomandibular Ligament

Attachment and action

A
  • Medial to TMJ
  • Spine of sphenoid bone to lingula
  • Remnant of Meckels cartilage
  • Limits max/over opening
  • Acts as a pivot on the mandible by maintaining the same amount of tension during opening and closing
38
Q

Stylomandibular Ligament

attachment

A
  • Styloid process of temporal bone to posterior margin and angle of mandible
  • Composed of a thickening of deep cervical fascia
39
Q

Stylomandibular Ligament

Action

A

Limits anterior protrusion of mandible

Relaxed when mouth is closed

Tense with extreme protrusion

Head and Neck 1 (13 decks)

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