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Spinal Tx 600 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

TMJ

A

Synovial
Condylar
Fibrocartilaginous surface (not hyaline)
Articular disc

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2
Q

Articular disc

A

Meniscus
Divides each joint into two cavities

Provides congruent contours and lubrication for the joint

Innervated along periphery but aneural and avascular in its intermediate (force bearing zone).

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3
Q

What movements happen in the upper cavity of the TMJ?

A

Gliding

Translation (sliding)

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4
Q

What movements occur in the lower cavity of the TMJ?

A

Rotation (hinge)

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5
Q

TMJ: rotation

A

Occurs from beginning to midrange of movement
Primarily occurs in the inferior joint space

Pterygoid draws meniscus anteriorly

Condylar head rotates (post glide) past disc

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6
Q

Opening mouth involved what two phases

A

Rotation

Gliding

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7
Q

TMJ: gliding

A

Second half of opening jaw. Necessary past 15°
Mostly superior joint space

Anterior translation of condyle and disc together along slope of articular eminence

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8
Q

TMJ: resting position

A

Slightly open
Lips touching
Teeth not touching

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9
Q

TMJ: closed packed

A

Teeth clenched

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10
Q

TMJ: capsular pattern

A

Limited opening

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11
Q

Centric occlusion

A

Relation of jaws and teeth when there is maximum contact of teeth

Position of jaw while swallowing

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12
Q

Median occlusal pattern

A

The position in which the teeth are fully interdigitated

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13
Q

TMJ actively displaces ….

A

Anteriorly and slightly laterally

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14
Q

Three Cardinal features of TMD

A

Orafacial pain
Restricted jaw motion
Joint noise

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15
Q

Hyoid bone

A

“Skeleton of the tongue”

Attachment for extrinsic tongue and infrahyoid muscles.

Provides reciprocal stabilization during swallowing.

Can affect shoulder and cervical function

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16
Q

TMJ innervation

A

Branches of auriculotemporal and masseteric branches of mandibular nerves.

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17
Q

Temporomandibular ligament

A

AKA lateral ligament

Restrains movement of lower jaw; prevents compression of tissues behind condyles.

Connect zygomatic arch and neck of mandible with joint capsule

18
Q

Sphenoidmandibular ligaments

A

Attach sphenoid to mandible

Guide movement– keep disc, condyles and temporal bone firmly opposed.

19
Q

Stylomandibular ligament

A

Connects styloid process of temporal bone to ramus of mandible

Specialized band of deep cerebral fascia with thickening if parotid fascia

Guide movement– keep disc, condyles and temporal bone firmly opposed.

20
Q

How many deciduous teeth?

A

20

21
Q

How many permanent teeth?

A

32

22
Q

Pain in fully opened position

A

Probably extra-articular

23
Q

Pain with biting firm objects

A

Probably intra-articular

24
Q

Limited opening

A

Disc displaced anteriorly, inert tissue tightness, or muscle spasm.

25
Q

Vertical dimension

A

Distance between to arbitrary points in the face, where is above and the other below the face.

26
Q

Stiffness on waking, pain on function that improves over the day

A

Osteoarthritis

27
Q

Mouth breathing

A

Tongue does not sit in proper position against the palate

Tongue normally provides internal pressure to shape the mouth; counterbalanced by buccinator and orbicularis oris complex.

28
Q

Clicking/crepitus

A

Results from abnormal motion of disc and mandible.

29
Q

Single click

A

Disc sticks early in opening, when condyle slides off rim into centre.

Clicks when it snaps into place.

30
Q

Disc displacement with reduction

A

Partial anterior displacement of disc; needs to be overridden in order for condyle to reach normal open position (click)

(Can click again when re-subluxes)

31
Q

Reciprocal clicking

A

First click when condyle moves along posterior border of disc

Normal function

When condyle moves back to posterior zone another click.

32
Q

Bruxism

A

Clenching, grinding of teeth.

Can lead to facial, jaw, or tooth pain. Headaches.

Adhesive clicking after clenching.

33
Q

TMD: stage 1

A

Disc slightly medial and anterior

Inconsistent click

Maybe pain. Maybe not

34
Q

TMD: stage 2

A

Disc anterior and medial

Reciprocal click (early on opening; late on closing)

Severe constant pain

35
Q

TMD: stage 3

A

Reciprocal constant click (later on opening; early on closing)

Most painful

36
Q

TMD: stage 4

A

Click rare (disc no longer relocates)

No pain

37
Q

Occlusal interference

A

Premature tooth contact that deflects jaw laterally and/or anteriorly.

38
Q

During cervical flexion the mandible moves

A

Up and forward

39
Q

During cervical extension the mandible moves

A

Back and down

40
Q

With side flexion, maximum occlusion occurs

A

On the ipsilateral side.

Spinal Tx 600 (9 decks)

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