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MSI - Post Midterms > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the Pterygoid fossa of the mandible?

A
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2
Q

Where is the Coronoid process of the mandible?

A
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3
Q

Where is the Mylohyoid line
of the mandible?

A
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4
Q

Where is the Mylohyoid line
of the mandible?

A
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5
Q

Where is the Digastric fossa
of the mandible

A
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6
Q

What are the two parts of the Mandibular fossa? What bone is it on?

A

Dome & Articular eminence, Temporal

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7
Q

Where is the Postglenoid tubercle?

A
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8
Q

Does the Sphenoid contribute to the structure of the TMJ?

A

No, Bony prominences serve as muscle attachments:
Medial pterygoid plate
Lateral pterygoid plate

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9
Q

What are the 2 joint cavities of the TMJ

A

Superior joint cavity & Inferior joint cavity

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10
Q

In which direction is the mandibular condyle longer?

A

M/L length > AP length

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11
Q

What are the poles of the Mandibular condyle?

A

Medial and lateral poles

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12
Q

What is the mandibular condyle covered in? What is its significance

A

fibrocartilage, able to absorb loads and transmit forces better than hyaline cartilage also has a greater capacity for healing

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13
Q

What part of the mandibular fossa is articular?

A

Anterior

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14
Q

What part of the mandibular fossa is non-articular?

A

Superior and posterior, very thin

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15
Q

What is the articular disc made of?

A

Fibrocartilage

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16
Q

What is the articular disc function?

A

Congruency, stability (guides condyle)

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17
Q

What is the neurovascular supply of the articular disc?

A

Poor, exception around the periphery

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18
Q

What are the attachments of the articular this?

A

Posteriorly: Retrodiscal lamina, Inferiorly:
Mandibula condyle,
Superiorly:
articular eminence, Anteriorly:
superior head of lateral pterygoid
muscle

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19
Q

What are the regions of the articular disc?

A

Anterior, posterior, intermediate,

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20
Q

What are the attachments of the Anterior region of the Articular disc

A

Several attachments: anterior superior neck, tendon of superior head of lat. Pterygoid, temporal bone anterior to articular eminence

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21
Q

What are the attachments of the Posterior region of the Articular disc of the TMJ

A

Attaches to retrodiscal laminae
Superior lamina- tympanic plate
Inferior lamina- superior neck of mandible with capsule of TMJ
Space above and below lamina

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22
Q

What is the thinnest region of the articular disc?

A

Intermediate

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23
Q

What is the fibrous capsule?

A

Fibrous capsule
Outer fibrous portion and inner synovial lining
Role: Support TMJ

24
Q

How is the fibrous capsule asymmetrically tight?

A

It is tighter in the medial lateral direction than the superior and inferior direction

25
What is the lateral ligament?
26
What is the primary reinforcement to the TMG?
Lateral ligament
27
What is the function of the lateral ligament of the TMJ?
Stabilize the joint laterally Guide movement of the condyle during opening If torn disc can migrate medially
28
What are the accessory ligaments of the TMJ?
Stylomandibular ligament Sphenomandibular ligament
29
What is the function of this accessory ligaments of the TMJ?
Both medial to the joint capsule and help to suspend the mandible from the cranium
30
What are theThree primary osteokinematic motions of the TMJ?
Depression & Elevation Protrusion & Retrusion Lateral excursion
31
Movement of the mandible involves what kind of action?
BILATERAL action
32
With are the two Arthrokinematic motions at the TMJ?
Rotation condyle rotates relative to inferior disc Translation condyle and disc slide on articular eminence together
33
What is the range of mandible depression and elevation?
ROM = 45-50mm Full: 3 fingers (PIP) Functional range = 18mm (chewing)
34
What is the first phase of the Arthrokinematics of depression?
Early Involves primarily rotation Lower joint cavity Convex condyle on concave disc Body of mandible moves inferior and posterior
35
What is the Second phase of the Arthrokinematics of TMJ depression?
Late primary translation Upper joint cavity Condyle and disc slide together anteriorly and inferiorly along articular eminence
36
How are the AKs of elevation different from depression?
Reverse arthrokinematics of opening: translation first, followed by rotation Tension in the retrodiscal lamina is critical for retraction of the disc and helps to initiate the early translational phase of closing
37
What are the anterior posterior movements of the TMJ called?
Protrusion Translation of the mandible anteriorly without much rotation ROM limited by? Retrusion Translation of the mandible posteriorly
38
What is the side to side movement of the TMJ known as?
Lateral Excursion Side to side translation of the mandible Disc and condyle slide together within fossa
39
Which condyle serves as a fixed pivot in lateral excursion?
Ipsilateral condyle serves as fixed pivot
40
What is the ROM of lateral excursion of the TMJ?
ROM = 11 mm
41
What are the muscles of mastication?
Masseter Temporalis Medial Pterygoid Lateral Pterygoid
42
What is the innervation of the muscles of mastication?
mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
43
What are the insertions of the masseter muscle?
Zygomatic arch to external surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible
44
What are the actions of the masseter muscle?
Bilaterally: elevate and slight protrusion of mandible Unilaterally: ipsilateral lateral excursion What position is this ability maximized?
45
What are the insertions of the temporalis muscle?
Temporal fossa passing beneath zygomatic arch inserting on the coronoid process and to medial surface of the mandible
46
What are the actions of the temporalis muscle?
Bilaterally: elevate mandible; posterior fibers retrude Unilaterally: slight ipsilateral excursion of mandible
47
What are the insertions of the medial pterygoid?
Medial aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate (deep head) and the posterior aspect of the maxilla medial aspect of the ramus and angle of the mandible
48
What are the actions of the medial pterygoid?
Action Bilaterally: elevate and protrude mandible Unilaterally: contralateral excursion
49
Functional Interaction: Masseter & Medial Pterygoid in simultaneous contaction?
Muscles form a functional sling around the angle of the mandible Simultaneous contraction powerful biting force
50
Functional Interaction: Masseter & Medial Pterygoid for grinding?
Synergistic action of ipsilateral masseter and contralateral medial pterygoid
51
What are the insertions of the lateral pterygoid?
Superior head: greater wing of sphenoid medial wall of joint capsule, medial side of articular disc and pterygoid fossa Inferior head: lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate neck of mandible and pterygoid fossa
52
What are the actions of the lateral pterygoid?
Bilaterally: strong protrusion Unilaterally: contralateral excursion of mandible Ipsilateral antero-medial rotation of the condyle Superior head- eccentric control of disc tension with resisted closing Inferior head-depressor (resisted)
53
How do the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles assist the muscles of mastication?
Transmits forces directly or indirectly to the mandible Suprahyoids can assist with depression of the mandible
54
What is involved in the muscular control of opening?
Gravity Contraction of inferior head of lateral pterygoid & suprahyoid muscles Synergistic action produces rotation Disc and condyle slide anteriorly in late opening Disc pulled by: Translating condyle Increased intra-articular pressure created by activation of inferior head of lateral pterygoid
55
What is involved in the muscular control of closing the TMJ?
Forceful: masseter, temporalis and medial pterygoid Superior head of lateral pterygoid eccentrically contracts to stabilize the disc and neck of the mandible to optimize the position of the disc between the condyle and articular eminence
56
How does upper cervical posture effect the TMJ joint?
Posture of the head and neck can significantly alter TMJ biomechanics and stresses Mandibular position Muscular stresses Joint loading

MSI - Post Midterms (5 decks)

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