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NBDE Part I > TMJ 100 Facts > Flashcards

TMJ 100 Facts Flashcards

1
Q

What are considered to be the accessory ligaments of the TMJ?

A
  • Sphenomandibular lig
  • Stylomandibular lig
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2
Q

What is the function of the accessory ligaments of the TMJ?

A

Limit excessive openings

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3
Q

Where is the sphenomandibular ligament attached?

A

Lingula of the Mandible

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4
Q

Where does the stylomandibular ligament attach?

A

Angle of the Mandible

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5
Q

What ligament is most damaged when using an IAN block?

A

Sphenomandibular Lig

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6
Q

Where does the temporomandibular ligament run?

A

From the articular eminence to the mandibular condyle

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7
Q

What are the 3 functions of the temporomandibular lig?

A
  1. Provides lateral reinforcement
  2. Prevents posterior and inferior displacement of condyle
  3. Main stabilizing ligament
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8
Q

What is another name for the temporomandibular ligament?

A

Lateral ligament

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9
Q

What is another name for the collateral ligaments?

A

Discal ligaments

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10
Q

Where does the collateral ligaments run?

A

Arise from the periphery of the disc, and are attached to the medial and lateral poles of the condyle

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11
Q

What is the function of the collateral ligaments?

A
  1. Stabilize the disc on top of the condyle
  2. Resist movements of disc away from condyle during function
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12
Q

What are collateral ligaments made from?

A

Collagenous connective tissue, Do Not Stretch

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13
Q

Which muscle will cause a deviation of the mandible to the damaged side when protruding?

A

Lateral Pterygoid

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14
Q

What are the 2 parts of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A

Superior and Inferior belly

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15
Q

Where does the inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid run?

A

From lateral pterygoid plate to the neck of the condyle

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16
Q

Where does the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid run?

A

Greater wing of the sphenoid and infratemporal crest

Inserts on joint capsule, articular disk and condyle of the neck

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17
Q

What is the function of the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Assit in stabilizing the position of the articular disk during closing

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18
Q

What is the function of the masseter?

A

Elevation of the mandible (jaw closing)

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19
Q

What is the function of the Temporalis?

A
  • Elevation of the mandible (jaw closing)
  • Retraction of the mandible (lower jaw backward)
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20
Q

What is the function of the medial pterygoid?

A

Elevation of the mand. (jaw closing)

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21
Q

What is the function of the inferior belly of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Slight depression of the mandible

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22
Q

What occurs with unilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoids?

A

Lateral deviation of the mandible

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23
Q

What occurs with bilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoids?

A

Protrusion of the mandible

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24
Q

Where do you test a pts TMJ tenderness and noise?

A

Joint palpated laterally over the posterior surface of the condyles with the mouth open.

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25
Q

Condyles are not symmetrical nor identical, True or False?

A

True

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26
Q

Dislocation of the TMJ is almost always … and occurs while …

A

Anteriorly

Laughing or yawning

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27
Q

What is dislocation also referred to as?

A

Open lock

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28
Q

Hypertranslation or hypermobility of the mandible is called?

A

Subluxation

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29
Q

Which component of the TMJ has the most vasculature and innervation?

A

Retrodiscal Tissue

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30
Q

omposed of dense fibrous connective tissue, and is positioned in between the condyle and the fossa, dividing the joint into superior and inferior spaces?

A

Articular Disk

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31
Q

What is the middle part of the articular disk called?

A

Thinner central intermediate zone

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32
Q

Which band, anterior or posterior, is the thicker of the two on the articular disk?

A

Posterior

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33
Q

What kind of tissue is attached to the posterior articular disk?

A

Retrodiscal tissue

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34
Q

What is attached/contiguous to the anterior band of the articular disk?

A
  • Capsular ligament
  • Condyle
  • Superior belly of the Lateral Pterygoid
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35
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the TMJ covered with?

A

dense fibrous CT

36
Q

What does the layer of fibrocartilage tissue provide to the TMJ?

A

Resistance against both compressive and lateral forces

37
Q

What is the shape of the Condyle?

A

Eliptical, long axis oriented mediolaterally

38
Q

What test is the gold standard test to provide an image of the soft tissue of the TMJ, esp. the position of the articular disc?

A

MRI

39
Q

What is the major advantage of the MRI?

A

No exposure of the pt to x-ray radiation

40
Q

What sound is made by the articular disc when displaced to the anterior of the condyle?

A

clicking

41
Q

What is a crepitation sound or a crepitus of the TMJ usually assocaited with?

A

Degenerative process (osteoarthritis) of the condyle

42
Q

What is a dull thud in the TMJ usually associated with?

A

Self-reducing subluxation of the condyle

43
Q

A patient has clicking in their TMJ, where is the joint most likely to be displaced?

A

Anteromedial

44
Q

What occurs during disc displacement of the TMJ?

A

Collateral ligaments become elongated/torn, which allows the lateral pterygoid to pull the articular disc out of place

45
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ?

A

Ginglymoarthroidal joint

46
Q

What type of movements does the TMJ allow?

A

Hinge like rotation and sliding

47
Q

What is considered to be the nonfunctioning portion of the TMJ?

A

Articular fossa (ant 3/4 of large mandibular fossa)

48
Q

What is considered to be the functional part of the TMJ?

A

Articular eminence

49
Q

What is it that connects the mandible to the temporal bone?

A

combined hinge and gliding joint

50
Q

What is the only movable joint in the skull that has dense fibrous CT on its articular surfaces?

A

TMJ

51
Q

What vessesl supply the TMJ?

A
  • Deep temporal and Masseteric a. branches of Maxillary a.
  • Branches of superficial temporal from ECA
52
Q

What is the venous drainage of the TMJ?

A

Superficial temporal, maxillary, and pterygoid plexus

53
Q

What is the capsule of the TMJ innervated by?

A

Auriculotemporal n. (V3)

54
Q

What is the anterior region of the TMJ innervated by?

A

Masseteric and Deep Temporal (V3)

Sensory from V3

55
Q

What path fo the nerve fibers that innervate the TMJ follow?

A

Vessesl of the blood supply

End as free nerve endings

56
Q

What part of the TMJ are not innervated?

A

articular cartilage and central part of the articular disc

57
Q

Are myelinated or unmyelinated nerves seen in the TMJ?

A

Both

58
Q

What is the source of proprioception in the TMJ?

A

Retrodiscal tissue

59
Q

What structure of the TMJ secretes the fluid that lubricates the TMJ?

A

Inner synovial layer of fibrous capsule

60
Q

The fibrous capsule fo the TMJ is fairly thin except where?

A

Laterally where it forms the temporomandibular ligament (lateral)

61
Q

Where is the fibrous capsule of the TMJ firm? Why?

A
  • Medially and Laterally
  • Stabilize mandible during movement
62
Q

Where is the fibrous capsule of the loose?

A

Anterior and Posterior

To allow mandibular movement

63
Q

What are large amounts of synovial fluids an indication of in the TMJ?

A

Painful internal derangements

64
Q

What is the purpose of the joint capsule and ligaments of the TMJ?

A

Restrict excessive displacement of the mandible

65
Q

What is the thicker layer of fibrous tissue which is reinforced by accessory ligaments?

A

Outer fibrous layer of the fibrous capsule of the TMJ

66
Q

Translatory movements take place in which compartment of the TMJ?

A

Upper

Mandibular fossa - articular disc

67
Q

Rotary motions take place in which compartment of the TMJ?

A

Lower compartments

  • Condyle - articular disc*
  • Hinge type rotation*
68
Q

With the fracture of condylar neck, why does the condylar head remain in the mandibular foss?

A

Due to TMJ Ligament (main stabilizing lig.)

Restricts the downward and posterior movement of the mandible and guides the forward motion fo the condyle dueing opening

69
Q

The mandible will always deviate to the side of injury?

A

True

70
Q

Closing the mouth / elevation of the mandible results from bilateral contraction of which 3 muscles?

A
  • Anterior fibers (verticle fibers) of Temporalis
  • Masseter
  • Medial pterygoid
71
Q

Retrusion of the jaw results from the bilateral contraction of?

A

Posterior fibers (horizontal) of the Temporalis

72
Q

Anterio-inferior aspect of hte mandibular condyle is?

A

Concave

73
Q

Posterior aspect of mandibular condyle is?

A

Rounded and convex

74
Q

Is the central portion of the articular disc vascular?

A

Avascular and lack of innervation at central portion of the articular disc

75
Q

Which belly of the lateral pterygoid inserts on the neck of the condyle?

A

inferior belly

76
Q

When can dislocation of either or both TMJs occur?

A

When the condyle translates anterior to the crest of the articular eminence

77
Q

Most stable and easily reproduced position?

A

Centric Relation

Initiating position

78
Q

Which movements are the limits to which the mandible can move?

A

Border movements

79
Q

Which movements generally occur within border movements?

A

Functional movements

80
Q

Which jaw position is ligament guided?

A

Centric Relation

81
Q

In protrusive movements, the condyles of the mandible have moved in which direction?

A

Downward and forward

82
Q

Which movement requires the condyles to move bacwards and upward?

A

Retrusive movement

83
Q

Anterior guidance is determined by …

A

Overbite, Overjet

84
Q

Anterior guidance is the guidance provided by the anterior teeth when the mandible goes into a ____ movement.

A

Lateral or protrusive

85
Q

What is the muscle guideds position?

A

Rest position of the mandible or postural position

86
Q

What is the tooth guided position?

A

Centric Occlusion

NBDE Part I (4 decks)

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