TL: Implicit Bias in Patient Care II Flashcards
What are two major strategies for promoting fairness and quality in patient care?
- learning new associations or information about specific patient groups
- change the way you use information about group membership
two steps:
- be aware of the potential for bias
- be strategic about promoting fairness and equality
How does being aware of bias facilitate fairness and equality?
to know in what situations/at what times bias is most likely to occur and to understand that it can occur even if you are not directly interacting with stigmatized patients, but perhaps other care providers helping the patients
What are two common healthcare situations in which awareness is important to fairness and equality?
- clinical encounters with patients (verbal and nonverbal communication)
- discussing cases with colleagues
How is motivation important to avoiding bias?
you should motivate yourself to implement strategies that help to promote the accurate use of group based information when interacting with stigmatized patients
Suppressing negative information/beliefs/stereotypes causes what?
increases the chances of making a mistake
Egalitarian goals
- egalitarian goals, when activated, take us from relying on implicitly quick and easy stereotypes to a slower, more deliberate and explicit processing of information about a patient
- having the goal to be fair and equitable does not guarantee that you will act on this goal 100% of the time; need to bring egalitarian goals into your thinking when helping stigmatized patients
- each time you encounter member of a stigmatized group, train yourself to deliberately think about the importance of fairness and justice in patient care - over time this will become automatic response
- egalitarian: of, relating to, or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities
common identity strategy
- change the way you categorize your patients, which can be accomplished by focusing on a shared, common identity
- patient becomes member of your in-group as opposed to out-group
- this brings more positive thinking about someone who is different from you
- this can also facilitate “partnership building”
counter-stereotype
- involves acquiring information that is opposite to the cultural stereotypes about their group
- to help qcquire counter-stereotypic information, try to develop and then ask questions that are likely to reveal the patient’s individualized attributes and behaviors
perspective taking
- take the perspective of the stigmatized patient
- imagine and appreciate the difficult situation faced by the stigmatized individual or group
- this makes you less likely to activate negative stereotypes about the group
- one of the most powerful and effective strategies for promoting fairness and equality
implementation intentions
- forming and implementation intention can help you ring your egalitarian goals and strategies together
- is an if-then-plan : specifies the when, where, and how of goal-directed behavior
What are some ways to control implicit and explicit bias?
- egalitarian goal activation
- searching for common identities and counter-stereotypic attributes
- engaging in perspective talking
All bias reduction strategies require what two factors as you learn to use the strategies?
- awareness
- motivation
what are the steps of egalitarian goals?
- consciously identify stigmatized patients as opportunities to pursue your egalitarian goals
- each time you encounter a member of a stigmatized group, train yourself to deliberately think about the importance of fairness and justice in patient care
- this creates a conscious association with stigmatized groups that slows down and individuates your thinking about the patient
- over time, activation of egalitarian goals will become automatic when you encounter stigmatized patients
