Tissues, Organs And Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of tight junctions?

A

Prevent movement of larger molecules through the lumen

In the gut can transiently open to allow small molecule to cross to the underlying tissues (paracellular transport)

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2
Q

What is the role of adhesion junctions?

A

Tissue stabilising factor and additional transport barrier

Only found in epithelial and endothelial cells

Found in lateral surface 1/3rd distance from luminal surface

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3
Q

What is the role of desmosomes?

A

Strongest of all cell-to-cell adhesions

1/2 way between top and bottom of cells

Tissues that experience intense mechanical stress- provides mechanical strength and prevents tissue destruction

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4
Q

What is the only cell-to-cell adhesion found in the upper epidermal cells?

A

Desmosomes

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5
Q

What is the role of gap junctions?

A

Quickly communicate changes in intercellular molecular composition eg. Electrolyte and energy changes

Allows free movement of small molecules from one cell to another

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6
Q

What are cell adhesion molecules?

A

A collection of proteins on the cell surface that are necessary for the process by which cells adhere to the extracellular matrix, one another and their surroundings

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7
Q

What is a hemi-desmosome?

A

Only found on basal surface of epithelial cells

Attach to a layer of extracellular matrix

Anchors epithelial cells to the basal lamina

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8
Q

What are focal adhesions?

A

Anchor epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix

Uses intracellular actin filaments

Uses integrins

Binds to fibronectin

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9
Q

What are integrins?

A

Central to cohesive forces holding tissues together

Work as an alpha beta-dimer (weak)

Phosphorylation produces heterotetramer (strong)

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10
Q

What are proteoglycans?

A

Support hydration of extracellular matrix of normal skin

Supportive scaffolding roles

Controls bioavailability of growth factors in the ECM- stimulate cell populations in skin that orchestrate the normal turnover and repair

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