Lecture 1

Question 1

Define homeostasis

Answer 1

The ability or tendency of a living organism,cell, or tissue to keep the conditions around it, or maintaining a state of internal balance.

Question 2

How should the temperature of an infant under 4 weeks old be measured?

Answer 2

An electronic thermometer in the axilla

Question 3

Name 3 ways a child aged 4 weeks to 5 years should have their temperature measured

Answer 3

Electronic thermometer in the axilla

Chemical dot thermometer in the axilla

Infra-red tympanic thermometer

Question 4

Give 2 examples of a positive feedback loop.

Answer 4

Regulation of blood clotting, contraction of uterus

Question 5

What is the normal range for body temperature?

Answer 5

36.5-37.5 degrees Celsius

Question 6

What is the normal pH balance for the body?

Answer 6

7.35-7.45

Question 7

What is the normal range of hydrogen concentration in the plasma?

Answer 7

44-36 nmoles/L

Question 8

What is the water content of a 70kg man?

Answer 8

42 Litres (42 kg)

Question 9

What proportion of total body water is intracellular fluid?

Answer 9

2/3 (therefore 28 litres in 70kg man)

Question 10

What proportion of extracellular fluid is interstitial fluid?

Answer 10

3/4 (therefore 10.5 litres in 70kg man)

Question 11

What is the volume of blood in a standard 70kg man?

Answer 11

5 litres