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A&P > tissues of the body > Flashcards

tissues of the body Flashcards

1
Q

list

the four tissues of the human body

A
  • epithelial tissue
  • muscular tissue
  • nervous tissue
  • connective tissue
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2
Q

purpose & function

epithelial tissue

A
  • covers surfaces, lines cavities, and forms secretory glands
  • absorption, secretion, and protection
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3
Q

purpose & function

connective tissue

A
  • binds, supports, and connects other tissues
  • provides structure
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4
Q

purpose & function

muscle tissue

A

responsible for movement and voluntary and involuntary actions

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5
Q

purpose & function

nervous tissue

A
  • transmits electrical signals between different parts of the body
  • processes information
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6
Q

define

3 types of muscular tissue

A
  • skeletal muscle (voluntary muscle attached to bones, responsible for body movement)
  • cardiac muscle (involuntary muscle found in the heart, responsible for pumping blood)
  • smooth muscle (involuntary muscle found in walls of organs )
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7
Q

define

2 types of nervous tissue

A
  • neurons (cells that transmit electrical signals, enabling communication within the body)
  • glial/neuroglial cells (cells that support and protect neurons)
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8
Q

list

the 8 types of epithelial tissues

A
  • simple squamous
  • stratified squamous
  • simple cuboidal
  • stratified cuboidal
  • simple columnar
  • stratified columnar
  • pseudostraitfied columnar
  • transitional
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9
Q

list

the 6 types of connective tissues

A
  • loose connective (areolar, adipose)
  • dense connective (tendons, ligaments)
  • cartilage (hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage)
  • bone
  • blood
  • lymph
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10
Q

define

loose connective tissue

and its 2 types

A
  • supports and cushions organs and tissues
  • areolar tissue, adipose tissue
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11
Q

define

dense connective tissue

A
  • provides strength and support
  • tendons, ligaments
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12
Q

define

cartilage

and the 3 types

A
  • provides flexible support and reduces friction
  • hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage
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13
Q

define

areolar tissue

A
  • connective tissue with thin and relatively sparse collagen fibers
  • found beneath the dermis layer and underneath epithelial tissue
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14
Q

define

adipose tissue

A

connective tissue that stores fat, provides insulation, and cushions organs

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15
Q

define

dense tissue

A

connective tissue with a high concentration of collagen fibers providing strength and flexibility

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16
Q

list

the 2 types of dense connective tissue

A
  • dense regular (fibers aligned all in one direction)
  • dense irregular (fibers arranged randomly; dermis, joints)
17
Q

define

cartilage

A

flexible, dense connective tissue that provides support and structure to various parts of the body, such as joints, ears, and the nose

18
Q

list

the 3 types of cartilage tissues

A
  • hyaline (smooth, glassy tissue found in joints, ribs, and the nose)
  • elastic (flexible tissue found in the ears and epiglottis)
  • fibro (tough, dense tissue found in intervertebral discs and knees)
19
Q

define

bone

A
  • rigid connective tissue
  • provides structural support, protect, and mineral storage
20
Q

define

blood

A
  • fluid connective tissue
  • transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste
21
Q

define

lymph

A
  • fluid connective tissue
  • assists in immune response, transporting excess tissue fluid back to bloodstream
22
Q

define

goblet cells

A

epithelial cells that secrete mucus to protect and lubricate surfaces

23
Q

define

fibroblasts

A

cells that produce and maintain the extracellular matrix, providing structural support to tissues

24
Q

define

extracellular matrix

A

a network of proteins and other molecules outside cells that provide structural and support to tissues

25
Q

define

elastic fibers

A

protein fibers in connective tissue that allow tissues to stretch and return to their original shape

26
Q

define

reticular fibers

A

thin, branching collagen fibers that form supportive networks in tissues

27
Q

define

lacunae

A

small cavities or spaces in bone or cartilage where cells (like osteocytes) reside

28
Q

define

osteon

A

the basic structural unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric rings of bone matrix surrounding a central canal

29
Q

define

osteocytes

A

mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix and reside in lacunae

30
Q

define

erythrocyte

A

red blood cell, responsible for carrying oxygen through the bloodstream

31
Q

define

leukocyte

A

white blood cell, involved in immune defense

32
Q

define

platelet

A

cell fragment involved in bloot clotting and wound healing

33
Q

define

intercalated disc

A

specialized junctions between cardiac muscle cells that facilitate synchronized contraction

34
Q

define

striation

A

the striped appearance of muscle fibers

35
Q

define

sarcomeres

A

the repeating units of muscle contraction within striated muscle

A&P (4 decks)

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