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Cells > Tissues, Glands and Body Fluid > Flashcards

Tissues, Glands and Body Fluid Flashcards

1
Q

Intracellular

A

Inside cell

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2
Q

Extracellular

A

Interstitial: fluid surrounding cells.
Intravascular (blood)

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3
Q

Total body water percentages
Water?
Other?

A

60% water
40% other

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4
Q

Water loses
- urine?
- faeces?
- respiration & sweating?

A

(20mls/kg/day)
(10-20mls/kg/day)
(20mls/kg/day)

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5
Q

Crenation?

A

Water leaves faster then it enters.

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6
Q

lysis?

A

Water enters rapidly

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7
Q

Hypertonic

A
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8
Q

Isotonic

A
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9
Q

Hypotonic

A
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10
Q

Atoms

A

Have no electrical charge

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11
Q

Atoms with an electrical charge are?

A

ions

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12
Q

Atoms become negatively charged when…

A

…they gain an election

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13
Q

Atoms become positively charged when..

A

…they lose an electron

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14
Q

Cation

A

Positively charged ion

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15
Q

Anion

A

Negatively charged ion

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16
Q

Electrolytes

A

molecules that dissolve in water

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17
Q

The normal pH of blood

A

7.35 – 7.45

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18
Q

Acidaemia

A

Condition where pH falls below normal.

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19
Q

Alkalaemia

A

Condition where pH rises above normal

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20
Q

hydrogen ions function?

A

Prevent dramatic fluctuations of pH

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21
Q

Example of Hydrogen ions in respiratory system

A

Carbon dioxide

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22
Q

Example of Hydrogen ions in kidneys

A

Bicarbonate

23
Q

4 Tissue types

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve

24
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Covers all internal and external surfaces of the body

25
Q

Epithelial tissue function

A
  • Protection
  • Secretion
  • Absorption
26
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue.

give example

A

Single, flattened cells
* Found in areas where diffusion occurs
* E.g. Alveoli of lungs, lining blood vessels (endothelium)

27
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

give example

A

Cube shaped cells
* line many glands and ducts
eg. Kidney tubules, bronchioles.

Secretory/absorption

28
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium

give example

A

lines many tissues.
* Absorptive functions
* Secretory function
* Lines the intestine – aids in
absorption of soluble food
material

29
Q

Ciliated Epithelium

give example

A

Lines tubes where material needs to be moved along using tiny hairs
* Respiratory tract
* Oviducts

30
Q

Stratified (Compound) Epithelium

A

More than 1 layer
Protection from friction
and wear.
Oesophagus, mouth and rectum

31
Q

Pseudostratified Epithelium

A

Nucleus irregularly placed. single layer.

32
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

Found in structures that
stretch and distend

33
Q

Glandular epithelium

A

Goblet cells
Secretory cells

34
Q

Connective Tissue function?

A

Supports and holds tissues & organs in place.
Transport system (blood)

35
Q

Two main fibres in connective tissue

A

collagen
elastic

36
Q

Three types of connective tissue?

A

Skeletal
Connective
Blood

37
Q

2 loose connective tissue

A
38
Q

where is Areolar tissue found?
what is its function?

A

Found all over the body
Protection

39
Q

What is Adipose tissue?

A

fatty tissue

40
Q

Fibrous Connective Tissue?

A

Tendons & ligaments

41
Q

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

A

Sheets of connective
tissue

42
Q

The 3 types of Cartilage?

A
  • Hyaline
  • Elastic
  • Fibrocartilage
43
Q

Hyaline Cartilage function?

A

Covers bone ends
Prevents friction

44
Q

Elastic Cartilage Function?

A
  • Support
  • Flexibility
  • Found:
  • External ear
  • Epiglottis
45
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

In joints

46
Q

Periosteum

A

membrane that covers bone

47
Q

Haversian canals

A

Thin canals where the Blood vessels and nerves run
through the bone.

48
Q

Bloods functions?

A

Supply oxygen and nutrients
Remove waste

49
Q

What is plasma?

A
50
Q

3 types of muscle

A

Skeletal
smooth
cardiac

51
Q

Skeletal muscles?
Function?

A

Striated Muscle
Provides movement
Voluntarily control

52
Q

Smooth Muscles?

A

Unstriated Muscle
Found: Internal organs walls
Involuntary

53
Q

Cardiac Muscle?

A

Responsible for heart
contraction

54
Q

Nervous Tissue?

A

Transmits nerve impulses from one area to another.

Cells (2 decks)

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