Tissues, Glands and Body Fluid

Question 1

Intracellular

Answer 1

Inside cell

Question 2

Extracellular

Answer 2

Interstitial: fluid surrounding cells.
Intravascular (blood)

Question 3

Total body water percentages
Water?
Other?

Answer 3

60% water
40% other

Question 4

Water loses
- urine?
- faeces?
- respiration & sweating?

Answer 4

(20mls/kg/day)
(10-20mls/kg/day)
(20mls/kg/day)

Question 5

Crenation?

Answer 5

Water leaves faster then it enters.

Question 6

lysis?

Answer 6

Water enters rapidly

Question 7

Hypertonic

Question 8

Isotonic

Question 9

Hypotonic

Question 10

Atoms

Answer 10

Have no electrical charge

Question 11

Atoms with an electrical charge are?

Answer 11

ions

Question 12

Atoms become negatively charged when…

Answer 12

…they gain an election

Question 13

Atoms become positively charged when..

Answer 13

…they lose an electron

Question 14

Cation

Answer 14

Positively charged ion

Question 15

Anion

Answer 15

Negatively charged ion

Question 16

Electrolytes

Answer 16

molecules that dissolve in water

Question 17

The normal pH of blood

Answer 17

7.35 – 7.45

Question 18

Acidaemia

Answer 18

Condition where pH falls below normal.

Question 19

Alkalaemia

Answer 19

Condition where pH rises above normal

Question 20

hydrogen ions function?

Answer 20

Prevent dramatic fluctuations of pH

Question 21

Example of Hydrogen ions in respiratory system

Answer 21

Carbon dioxide

Question 22

Example of Hydrogen ions in kidneys

Answer 22

Bicarbonate

Question 23

4 Tissue types

Answer 23

epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve

Question 24

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 24

Covers all internal and external surfaces of the body

Question 25

Epithelial tissue function

Answer 25

* Protection * Secretion * Absorption

Question 26

Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue. *give example*

Answer 26

Single, flattened cells * Found in areas where diffusion occurs * E.g. Alveoli of lungs, lining blood vessels (endothelium)

Question 27

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium *give example*

Answer 27

Cube shaped cells * line many glands and ducts eg. Kidney tubules, bronchioles. Secretory/absorption

Question 28

Simple Columnar Epithelium *give example*

Answer 28

lines many tissues. * Absorptive functions * Secretory function * Lines the intestine – aids in absorption of soluble food material

Question 29

Ciliated Epithelium *give example*

Answer 29

Lines tubes where material needs to be moved along using tiny hairs * Respiratory tract * Oviducts

Question 30

Stratified (Compound) Epithelium

Answer 30

More than 1 layer Protection from friction and wear. *Oesophagus, mouth and rectum*

Question 31

Pseudostratified Epithelium

Answer 31

Nucleus irregularly placed. single layer.

Question 32

Transitional epithelium

Answer 32

Found in structures that stretch and distend

Question 33

Glandular epithelium

Answer 33

Goblet cells Secretory cells

Question 34

Connective Tissue function?

Answer 34

Supports and holds tissues & organs in place. Transport system (blood)

Question 35

Two main fibres in connective tissue

Answer 35

collagen elastic

Question 36

Three types of connective tissue?

Answer 36

Skeletal Connective Blood

Question 37

2 loose connective tissue

Question 38

where is Areolar tissue found? what is its function?

Answer 38

Found all over the body Protection

Question 39

What is Adipose tissue?

Answer 39

fatty tissue

Question 40

Fibrous Connective Tissue?

Answer 40

Tendons & ligaments

Question 41

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Answer 41

Sheets of connective tissue

Question 42

The 3 types of Cartilage?

Answer 42

* Hyaline * Elastic * Fibrocartilage

Question 43

Hyaline Cartilage function?

Answer 43

Covers bone ends Prevents friction

Question 44

Elastic Cartilage Function?

Answer 44

* Support * Flexibility * Found: * External ear * Epiglottis

Question 45

Fibrocartilage

Answer 45

In joints

Question 46

Periosteum

Answer 46

membrane that covers bone

Question 47

Haversian canals

Answer 47

Thin canals where the Blood vessels and nerves run through the bone.

Question 48

Bloods functions?

Answer 48

Supply oxygen and nutrients Remove waste

Question 49

What is plasma?

Question 50

3 types of muscle

Answer 50

Skeletal smooth cardiac

Question 51

Skeletal muscles? Function?

Answer 51

Striated Muscle Provides movement Voluntarily control

Question 52

Smooth Muscles?

Answer 52

Unstriated Muscle Found: Internal organs walls Involuntary

Question 53

Cardiac Muscle?

Answer 53

Responsible for heart contraction

Question 54

Nervous Tissue?

Answer 54

Transmits nerve impulses from one area to another.