Tissues and Organs Flashcards
Name five examples of tissues.
Muscle
The lining of the intestine
The lining of the lungs
Phloem (tubes that carry dissolved sugar around a plant)
Root hair tissue (for plants to take up water and minerals from the soil)
Name five examples of organs.
Heart Lung Stomach Brain Leaf Root
Name six examples of organ systems.
Circulatory system Respiratory system Digestive system Nervous system Reproductive system Leaf canopy
What is double circulation?
The heart is a pump that sends some blood to the lungs and some blood to the rest of the body each time it beats. The blood on the left side is kept separate from the blood on the right side. This is called double circulation and is a more efficient way of delivering oxygen to the tissues than single circulation.
What does the atrium collect?
Blood enters the heart through a vein and collects in an atrium.
Deoxygenated blood passes through which blood vessels, valves and parts of the heart?
Vena cava Right atrium Tricuspid Right ventricle Semilunar Pulmonary artery Lungs
Oxygenated blood passes through which blood vessels, valves and parts of the heart?
Pulmonary vein Left atrium Bicuspid Left ventricle Semilunar Aorta Body
What is the difference between deoxygenated and oxygenated blood?
Oxygenated blood is filled with oxygen from the lungs. In contrast, deoxygenated blood has had most of its oxygen removed and is returning to the lungs, ready to become reoxygenated.
Which ventricle experts more pressure?
The left ventricle exerts more pressure than the right ventricle, and so it has a thicker more muscular wall.The atria (plural of atrium) exert less pressure than the ventricles so they have a thinner muscular wall.
Name three hearts problems and how they can be resolved.
Narrow rigid arteries need more pressure to pump blood through them. Increased blood pressure can lead to heart problems over time. Cholesterol contributes to the narrowing of arteries, so a change in diet can lead to a healthier heart.
Leaking heart valves make blood circulation inefficient. They can be replaced in open heart surgery by transplanted valves from a donor, or mechanical valves.
A faulty pacemaker causes irregular beating of the heart which in turn causes blood circulation to be inefficient. Artificial pacemakers powered by a battery can be fitted without needing open heart surgery.
What are the problems of fitting mechanical or electrical heart components?
Rejection by the immune system
Finding a way of reducing the size of the components to fit inside the body
Providing a power supply for pacemakers.
Why do people with heart transplants need drugs?
People with heart transplants need to take drugs to stop their immune system from rejecting the heart for the rest of their lives.
People refusing to take drugs with heart transplants are preventing…?
Infections.
What does the circulatory system consist of?
The heart, which is the muscular pump that keeps the blood moving.
The arteries, which carry blood away from the heart.
The veins, which return blood to the heart.
The capillaries, which are tiny blood vessels that are close to the body’s cells. The capillaries exchange materials with tissues.
