Tissues

Question 1

What are primary (main types) tissues?

Answer 1

1. epithelial
2. muscle
3. connective
4. nervous

Question 2

What types of epithelial tissues are there?

Answer 2

1. squamous
2. stratified squamous
3. cuboidal
4. columnar

Question 3

What are the types of connective tissue?

Answer 3

1. cartilage
2. bones
3. blood
4. tendons & ligaments
5. adipose (fat)

Question 4

What is nervous tissue called?

Answer 4

neurons

Question 5

What is epithelial tissue?

Answer 5

• covers body surfaces
• protects
• containment of body fluids
• transport in and out across body surfaces

Question 6

What is squamous epithelium?

Answer 6

• made of flat, thin cells that fit together like tiles

- they cover surfaces that experience little wear and tear (eg. inside of capillaries, which carry blood)

Question 7

What is stratified squamous?

Answer 7

• layered squamous (callus)
• found on surfaces that are exposed to rough use
• inside of mouth and palm of hand are covered with stratified squamous

Question 8

What is cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 8

• thicker than squamous & cube shaped
• cuboidal cells are glands
• frequently produce liquids (saliva cells)

Question 9

What is columnar epithelium?

Answer 9

• tall an shaped like long bone
• frequently have special features on the side of cell that is exposed along the surface of the tissue
• some cells have cilia (tiny hair-like structures)

Question 10

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Answer 10

1. cardiac muscle
2. skeletal muscle
3. smooth muscle

Question 11

What is cardiac muscle?

Answer 11

• INVOLUNTARY
• only found in the heart
• made up of cells which have enormous stamina (mitochondria)
• start contracting about 18 days after conceived
• continue to contract & relax until we die (70 times/minute or 50, 400/day)
• cannot stop when they’re tired or damaged

Question 12

What is skeletal muscle?

Answer 12

• VOLUNTARY
• move the bones of our skeleton
• under conscious control
• our brain decides to move them

Question 13

What is smooth muscle?

Answer 13

• INVOLUNTARY
• no conscious control
• they contract rhythmically
• line the digestive tract

Question 14

What is connective tissue?

Answer 14

• cartilage
• often called gristle
• flexible, but firm supporting tissue
• forms the base on which bone is built (eg. ear and nose)

Question 15

What is bone tissue?

Answer 15

• osteocytes
• provide framework of the body
• initially formed on a pattern made up of cartilage
• once complete, not permanent (constantly broken down and renewed)
• formed by bone cells called osteocytes

Question 16

What is an osteocyte?

Answer 16

a star shaped cell, the most numerous cells found in mature bone
- can live as long as the organism itself (skull)

Question 17

What is blood tissue?

Answer 17

• generally grouped under connective tissue
• major function is transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the red blood cells
• different blood cells do different tasks

Question 18

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 18

red blood cells

Question 19

What are leukocytes?

Answer 19

white blood cells

Question 20

What are thrombocytes?

Answer 20

platelets

Question 21

What is a tendon?

Answer 21

• a tough band of fibrous connective tissue
• usually connects muscle to bone
• can withstand tension

Question 22

What is a ligament?

Answer 22

• fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones

Question 23

What is adipose tissue?

Answer 23

• made up of a large number of cells which act as storage containers
• often called FAT CELLS
• found beneath the skin, where it acts as insulation
• stores food energy and acts as packing around organs
• protects organs from injury

Question 24

What is nervous tissue?

Answer 24

• gives signals to muscles
• informs us of environmental conditions
• responsible for rapid, long-distance signaling, coordination and thinking
• consist of highly specialized nerve and support cells

Question 25

What is a neuron?

Answer 25

• cell that makes up nervous tissue

- conducts an impulse that senses and moves things