Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
What does the digestive system do?
A
changes food into useable substances for the body
2
Q
What does the liver do?
A
- produce bile (digestive juice)
- breaks down toxins (drugs, alcohol, etc.)
- performs over 500 functions
3
Q
What do salivary glands do?
A
- produce juices in the mouth
- moisten food
- mechanically break down food
- chemically digests starch into sugar
4
Q
What do the teeth do?
A
hold, tear and chew foods
5
Q
What does the tongue do?
A
moves food mass in a small, soft ball to the rear of the mouth, where it is swallowed
6
Q
WHat does the gall bladder do?
A
stores bile until needed for digestion
7
Q
What does small intestine do?
A
- absorb useable food substances which are sent to all body parts by blood vessels
- completes chemical digestion
- ph is 1.5
- neutralizes acid with bicarbonate
- emulsifies fats into tiny droplets
8
Q
What dos esophagus do?
A
- food passageway between mouth and stomach
- takes food to stomach in wavelike action called peristalisis
9
Q
What does stomach do?
A
- mechanically: receive food, churns it, and adds gastric juices to it
- breaks down proteins chemically
- Directly absorbs: water, alcohol, drugs
10
Q
What does pancreas do?
A
- produces digestive juices to further break down food in digestion
- pancreatic juices are enzymes
- makes insulin
- neutralizes acid
11
Q
What does large intestine do?
A
- store unused solid substances after water is removed
- absorb water
- produce vitamin K (folic acid, blood clotting)
12
Q
What does rectum do?
A
- holds solid waste and controls its release from body
- expels feces
13
Q
What do proteins do?
A
- growth and repair
- 20 amino acids
- 9 essential amino acids
- nuts, meats, legumes, cheese provide protein
14
Q
What do carbohydrates do?
A
- main source of energy
- surgars are “ose”
- carbon combined with water (H20)
- C, H20, glucose
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