Tissues

Question 1

Definition of tissues?

Answer 1

A group of cells of similar size and shape whose function together perform one or more specific tasks.

Question 2

Four types of tissue

Answer 2

Epithelial

Connective

Muscular

Nervous

Question 3

Structure of epithelial tissue

Answer 3

Covers all surfaces of the body inside and out

The function depends on where in the body it’s situated

Question 4

Simple epithelial

Answer 4

One layer thick (ideal for allowing absorption)

Question 5

Stratified/compound

Answer 5

More than one layer

Much more protective

Question 6

Simple squamous

Answer 6

• Single sheet of very thin, flat cells

* Found lining body cavities where diffusion occurs

Question 7

Where in the body can simple squamous epithelium be found?

Answer 7

Alveoli in the lungs- diffusion needs to occur therefore the one layer thick type of cell is very suited here as it allows absorption

Question 8

Simple cuboidal

Answer 8

Lines small ducts and glands

Found in the kidney tubules

Question 9

Simple columnar

Answer 9

Tall & thin

Allows the absorption of soluble food materials in the gastro-intestinal tract

Found in the small intestine

May contain goblet cells which produce mucus

Question 10

Ciliated columnar

Answer 10

Cilla (small hair like projections)

Parallel rows on the surface of the cell

They beat in a wave like manner

Found in the upper respiratory tract in the trachea

They remove unwanted materials which have been inhaled

Question 11

Stratified squamous

Answer 11

Function is for protection

Found lining the mouth and the skin

Two or more layers of cells

Question 12

Transitional

Answer 12

Layered epithelium

Very stretchy & returns to normal shape

Not flattened to surface

Can be found in the bladder as it needs to expand and retract frequently

Question 13

Glandular epithelium

Answer 13

Found in the sweat glands

Secretes sebum and oils

Secretes protective substances like sweat

Question 14

Connective tissue function?

Answer 14

Binds all other body tissues together

Supports body tissues

Acts as a transport system to move materials vital to tissue cells around the body

Made up of cells and Matrix

Bulked up by other substances called ‘ground substance’

Question 15

5 types of connective tissue

Answer 15

Loose (& adipose)

Cartilage

Dense

Blood

Bone

Question 16

Connective tissue - loose ?

Answer 16

Found surrounding organs (supports organs)

Forms a layer between the skin and tissues

Matrix is semi fluid and jelly like

Loose mesh work of fibres

Question 17

Adipose

Answer 17

Fatty tissue

Food reserving insulating (for heat)

Question 18

Connective tissue - Dense

Answer 18

Fibrous

Very strong

Found in ligaments & tendons

Supports and binds muscle

Different types depending on function & strength required

Question 19

Connective tissue - Cartilage

Answer 19

Very thick

Rigid

Found at joints & in between bones

Does not contain blood vessels

Question 20

Muscle tissue

Answer 20

Skeletal

Smooth

Cardiac

Question 21

Skeletal

Answer 21

Attached to the skeleton

Stratified muscle

Question 22

Smooth muscle

Answer 22

Found in the digestive system

Contracts to a continuous rhythm moving food through the tract by peristalsis

Question 23

Cardiac muscle

Answer 23

Found in the heart

Very specialised

Question 24

Connective tissue - Blood

Answer 24

Transports essential nutrients, gases, waste products, hormones and enzymes to and from all body cells

Question 25

What is the function of nervous tissue?

Answer 25

To transmit electrical messages from one part of the body to another

Question 26

Main nervous cell is?

Answer 26

Neurone

Question 27

Structure of a neurone ?

Answer 27

Consist of a large cell body containing -

• nucleus
• dendrites
• axons