Tissues Flashcards
Histology
Study of tissues
What types of tissues are there
Epithelial tissue
Nervous tissue
Muscular tissue
Connective tissue
What is epithelial tissue and what types are there
Epithelial tissue is highly cellular with little matrix. Contains adherent to underlying layer called basement membrane which is noncellular.
- covers or lines parts of the body
ex) skin covers body, and lines digestive tract on inside or found in glandular tissue
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Pseudostratified ciliated or nonciliated columnar epithelium tissue
What is simple squamous epithelium
Simple squamous is one cell layer that is flattened (squamous).
Inner lining - air sacs of lungs or lines blood vessel. Endothelium
Outer surfacing - found on many membranes called mesothelium
Allows filtration, permits diffusion and provides slippery surface
What is simple cuboidal epithelium
Cube like or wedged shaped cells.
These cells form many of the major glands and glandular organs of the body. Major cell types of kidneys
Lines tubules such as sweat ducts.
Involved in secretion of fluids, oils and sweat, and also in absorption (kidneys)
What is simple columnar epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium is single layer with tall column shaped cells in the basement layer. Can be ciliated and nonciliated.
Non ciliated Found in the lining of the digestive tract. Provides absorptive area for the digested food. And there are goblet cells found in them which secret mucous
Ciliated lines uterine tubes
What is stratified squamous epithelium
Covers the outermost layer of skin around us. Lines the vaginal canal and mouth.
Protects underlying tissue from mechanical abrasion
2 distinct types of stratified squamous epithelium cells - keratinized and nonkeratinized
Transitional epithelium
Remarkable stretching ability
Found in ureter, urinary bladder, and proximal urethra.
Allows the organs to expand when urine builds up
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Appears layered but all cells rest in basement membrane.
Lines some portions of the respiratory passages - protects the lungs by trapping particles of dust in a mucous sheet, and moving the particles away from them.
What are the different cell connection
Desmosomes - holds two cells together linked by fibers, not completely touching and allows extracellular fluid between them
Tight junctions - hold cells much closer together
Gap junctions - connect cells together and allow ions and other solutes to pass from cell to cell
Muscular tissue what types are there
Skeletal - voluntary
Cardiac - involuntary
Smooth - involuntary
Skeletal muscle what is it
Cells of skeletal muscle are called fibers
Sometimes known as striated muscle due to striations in fibers
Voluntary - conscious control over them
Multinucleate
Cardiac muscle
Only found in heart.
They are striated but less obvious.
Cardiac muscle cells are called myocytes
Involuntary muscle
Cardiac muscle cells are joined together by intercalated disks which facilitate the transmission of electrical impulses in the heart by gap junctions
Smooth muscle
No striations and involuntary
Found in digestive tract and propels food
Found in abundance in uterus
Uninucleate cells
What is nervous tissue
Cellular tissue found in the brain, spinal cord, ganglia and peripheral nerves of body.
Conductive cell of nervous tissue is the neuron
Neuron receives and transmits electrochemical impulses, to synapses. Pre and post synapse nerves
Neuron is specialized cell with three parts, dendrite, nerve cell body(soma) and axon
There are special support cells called glial cells which help guide developing neurons to synapses.
