Tissues Flashcards
What are the 4 different types of tissue in the body?
Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscular
What are the two broad types of epithelial tissue?
Compound and simple
List all types of simple epithelial tissue.
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Ciliated
What is squamous epithelial tissue and its function?
Flat cells attached to membrane. Is permeable and allows diffusion/ filtration. Found in vessels, alveoli and heart.
What is cuboidal epithelial tissue and its function?
Cube shaped cells fixed to membrane. Secrete fluid. Found in kidney tubules and other glands.
What is columnar epithelial tissue and its function?
Tall, rectangular shaped cells. Resistant. Secretes and absorbs mucus. Found mainly in active parts of the body; stomach, intestines and urethra
What are the two types of compound epithelial tissue?
Stratified and transitional
What are the two types of stratified compound epithelial tissue?
Keratinised and non-keratinised
What is keratinised stratified compound epithelial tissue and its function?
Dry compound layer used for protection and prevention of damage to deeper layers. Waterproof. Nails, skin, hair.
What is non-keratinised stratified compound epithelial tissue?
Wet compound layer. Provides lubrication and found inside of the mouth, eye (conjunctiva) and oesophagus lining.
What is transitional compound epithelial tissue?
Expandable and ‘transitional’ cells that can expand or change shape depending on need. Cube shaped on top, pear shaped underneath. Found in bladder and ureters.
What are the 8 types of connective tissue?
Areolar
Adipose
Lymphoid
Yellow elastic
White fibre
Blood
Bone - compact and cancellous
Cartilage - hyaline, yellow elastic and white fibrocartilage
What is areolar tissue and its function?
Loose connective tissue that connects other tissues to one another. Semi-solid and permeable. Contains yellow elastic and white fibre, mast cells and fibrocytes that produce histamines and heparin. Under skin/ between muscles.
What is adipose tissue and its function?
Is also known as fatty tissue and it protects and insulates. Found in between muscles and areolar tissue, kidneys and backs of eyes. Also known to be a food reserve.
What is lymphoid tissue and its function?
Semi-permeable, some white fibres. Made of lymphocytes and reticular cells. Disease control function. Found in lymph nodes, spleen and lymphatic system.
What is yellow elastic tissue and its function?
Its function is for extension and recoil. Highly elastic, few cells. Found in lungs, stomach, bladder and arteries.
What is white fibrous tissue and its function?
Strong connective tissue. Used for protection, often on outside layer of organs. Collagen fibres within. Found in dura of brain, ligaments, fascia of muscles.
What is bone and its function?
Support and protect, cell production in bone marrow. Hardest of all connective tissues.
What are the two types of bone tissue? Give brief explanations.
Compact - dense bone for strength
Cancellous - structure bearing, for cellular development
What is blood as a connective tissue and what is its function?
Liquid connective tissue that: transports O2&nutrition, removes waste, clots, fights infection. It contains 3 types of cell. Erythrocytes, leucocytes and thrombocytes.
What are the three types of cartilage connective tissue?
Hyaline
Yellow elastic cartilage
White fibrocartilage
What is hyaline cartilage connective tissue and its function?
Function to connect and protect. Chondrocyte (cartilage) cells grouped together forming a resistant cartilage. Found in trachea, costal cartilage etc.
What is yellow elastic cartilage connective tissue and its function?
Flexibility and to allow movement. Has fibrocyte and chondrocyte cells in multidirectional structures. Found in pinna and epiglottis.
What is white fibrocartilage connective tissue and its function?
Extremely tough, slightly flexible, absorbs shock. Intervertebral discs
What is nervous tissue and its function?
Bundles of nerve cells and neuralgia. Transmits impulses from brain to rest of the body. Is protective.
What are the 3 muscular tissue connective tissue types?
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
What is skeletal muscle connective tissue and its function?
Striated and voluntary. Allows movement within the body.
What is smooth muscle connective tissue and its function?
Non striated and involuntary. Automatic function.
What is cardiac muscle connective tissue and its function?
Striated and involuntary. Only found in heart. Sole function to pump heart.
What is a muscles composition?
75% water, 20% protein, 5% mineral salts, glucose, glycogen and fats.
