Tissues

Question 1

What are the four main types of body tissues?

Answer 1

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

Question 2

Which tissue type is responsible for communication between the brain, spinal cord, and body?

Answer 2

Nervous tissue

Question 3

What is the only muscle type under voluntary control?

Answer 3

Skeletal muscle

Question 4

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 4

Smooth, Skeletal, Cardiac

Question 5

What are the main functions of epithelial tissue?

Answer 5

Protection, Secretion, Movement of substances (absorption, filtration, diffusion)

Question 6

What is the structural difference between simple and stratified epithelium?

Answer 6

Simple epithelium has a single layer of cells, while stratified epithelium has multiple layers.

Question 7

What type of epithelium lines the capillaries?

Answer 7

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 8

What type of epithelium forms the outer layer of the skin?

Answer 8

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 9

What are the four main types of connective tissue?

Answer 9

Blood, Bone, Cartilage, Connective Tissue Proper (Loose and Dense)

Question 10

What are the differences between loose and dense connective tissue?

Answer 10

• Loose connective tissue has fewer fibres and more ground substance, making it flexible and providing support.
  
  • Dense connective tissue has more collagen fibres, making it stronger and found in structures like tendons and ligaments.

Question 11

What is the function of adipose tissue, and where is it commonly found?

Answer 11

• Function: Stores fat, insulates the body, and provides cushioning.
  
  • Found in: Subcutaneous tissue (under the skin) and around organs.

Question 12

Which type of connective tissue forms tendons and ligaments?

Answer 12

Dense regular connective tissue

Question 13

What are the three types of cartilage, and where is each found?

Answer 13

• Hyaline cartilage – Trachea, ribs, nose (flexible & resilient)
  
  • Fibrocartilage – Intervertebral discs, some joints, heart valves (strongest, resists compression)
  • Elastic cartilage – Ear, larynx (most flexible)

Question 14

What are the two types of bone tissue?

Answer 14

• Compact bone (cortical bone)
  
  • Spongy bone (cancellous bone)

Question 15

What is the function of cancellous (spongy) bone?

Answer 15

Provides structural support while being lightweight, helps with blood cell production.

Question 16

How do epithelial tissues receive their blood supply?

Answer 16

They are avascular and receive nutrients via diffusion from underlying connective tissues.

Question 17

What type of epithelial tissue lines the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 17

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 18

What is the function of cilia in epithelial tissue?

Answer 18

Cilia help move mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract.

Question 19

What type of epithelial tissue is found in the gut lining?

Answer 19

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 20

Why is simple squamous epithelium found in capillaries?

Answer 20

It allows for efficient diffusion of gases and nutrients.

Question 21

What are the three main components of connective tissue?

Answer 21

Ground substance, fibres, and cells

Question 22

Which connective tissue type has no fibres?

Answer 22

Blood and lymph (fluid connective tissues)

Question 23

What are the three types of fibres found in connective tissue?

Answer 23

Collagen fibres (strength), Elastic fibres (flexibility), Reticular fibres (support)

Question 24

Which connective tissue type provides support, insulation, and energy storage?

Answer 24

Adipose tissue

Question 25

What is the main function of reticular connective tissue?

Answer 25

Forms a framework for organs such as lymph nodes and the spleen.

Question 26

What is the function of the perichondrium in cartilage?

Answer 26

It provides nutrients and oxygen to cartilage, which is avascular.

Question 27

Which type of cartilage is the most flexible?

Answer 27

Elastic cartilage

Question 28

What is the main difference between compact and spongy bone?

Answer 28

Compact bone is dense and strong, while spongy bone has a porous, honeycomb structure that allows for lightweight support.

Question 29

What is the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bone?

Answer 29

Osteoblasts build bone, while osteoclasts break down bone for remodeling.

Question 30

What mineral is stored in bone and contributes to its strength?

Answer 30

Calcium (in the form of hydroxyapatite)

Question 31

Which muscle tissue type has intercalated discs?

Answer 31

Cardiac muscle

Question 32

Where is smooth muscle found?

Answer 32

In the walls of hollow organs like the intestines, blood vessels, and uterus.

Question 33

What is the function of skeletal muscle?

Answer 33

Voluntary movement, posture, and heat production.

Question 34

Why does cardiac muscle need a lot of mitochondria?

Answer 34

To generate continuous energy for the heart to keep beating.

Question 35

Which muscle type is striated but involuntary?

Answer 35

Cardiac muscle

Question 36

Which tissues regenerate well and which do not?

Answer 36

* Regenerate well: Epithelial, bone, areolar connective tissue * Regenerate poorly: Cartilage, skeletal muscle * Do not regenerate well: Nervous tissue, cardiac muscle

Question 37

What is fibrosis in tissue repair?

Answer 37

The formation of scar tissue (dense connective tissue) instead of normal tissue regeneration.

Question 38

What is the role of fibroblasts in tissue repair?

Answer 38

They produce collagen and extracellular matrix to help heal wounds

Question 39

Which tissue type is most involved in immune defense?

Answer 39

Connective tissue (especially blood and lymphatic tissues)

Question 40

What happens when there is excessive collagen deposition in connective tissue?

Answer 40

It can lead to fibrosis or scarring, affecting normal tissue function.

Question 41

What type of epithelium is found in glands?

Answer 41

Simple cuboidal or simple columnar epithelium

Question 42

What is the relationship between epithelial tissue and connective tissue?

Answer 42

Epithelial tissue is avascular and relies on underlying connective tissue for nutrients and support.

Question 43

What phrase explains why certain epithelial tissues are found in specific locations?

Answer 43

“Form follows function”

Question 44

What type of epithelium would you expect to find in the skin, and why?

Answer 44

Stratified squamous epithelium; it provides protection against abrasion.

Question 45

What is connective tissue primarily composed of?

Answer 45

Extracellular matrix (ground substance + fibres) and cells

Question 46

What are the two primary categories of connective tissue?

Answer 46

Connective tissue proper and specialized connective tissue

Question 47

What are the three fibre types found in connective tissue?

Answer 47

Collagen, elastic, and reticular fibres

Question 48

What is the function of ground substance in connective tissue?

Answer 48

It allows diffusion of nutrients and waste between cells and blood vessels.

Question 49

What type of connective tissue secretes chondrin?

Answer 49

Cartilage (produced by chondroblasts)

Question 50

What are the two types of dense connective tissue, and where are they found?

Answer 50

* Dense regular: Tendons, ligaments * Dense irregular: Dermis of the skin

Question 51

What structure surrounds cartilage and provides nutrients?

Answer 51

Perichondrium

Question 52

What makes fibrocartilage different from other cartilage types?

Answer 52

It is the strongest, highly resistant to compression, and found in intervertebral discs.

Question 53

What is the key difference between compact and cancellous (spongy) bone?

Answer 53

Compact bone is dense and provides strength; cancellous bone is porous and lightweight.