Tissues

Question 1

Tissue

Answer 1

– an organization of many cells that act together to perform a common function.

Tissues differ from each other in the size and shape of their cells, in the amount and kind of material between the cells and in the special functions they perform.

Question 2

Four Kinds of Tissues

Answer 2

1. Epithelial tissues
2. Connective tissues
3. Muscle tissues
4. Nervous tissues

Question 3

Epithelial tissues

Answer 3

• cover and line various parts of the body for protection, transport, absorption and secretion.

Question 4

Classification as to shape of Epithelium cell:

Answer 4

squamous, cuboidal, columnar, transitional

Question 5

Classification as to arrangement of Epithelial cells:

Answer 5

a. simple (single layer of cells of the same shape)
b. stratified (layered)

Question 6

Connective tissues

Answer 6

• are most abundant, most varied and widely distributed in the body.
• bind structures together, form a framework and support for organs and the body as a whole, transport substances, protect against disease, help repair tissue damage, store fat.
• They are found in skin, membranes, muscles, bones, nerves and all internal organs.
  They exist as: paper thin webs that hold internal organs, strong tough cords, rigid bones & fluid - blood

Question 7

Functions of connective tissue:

Answer 7

a. connects and supports tissues
b. transports substances throughout the body
c. defense against microbes and other invaders
d. stores fat

Question 8

Major types of connective tissues:

Answer 8

1. Areolar connective tissue – the “glue” that keeps the organs of the body together; made up of collagen and elastin proteins
2. Adipose or fat tissue
3. Dense fibrous connective tissue (tendons)
4. Bone and cartilage
5. Blood and Hematopoietic Tissue

Question 9

Muscle tissues

Answer 9

• have the ability to shorten or contract for movement.

Question 10

There are three kinds of muscle tissue:

Answer 10

a. skeletal /voluntary/striated
b. smooth/involuntary/non-striated
c. cardiac muscle tissue

Question 11

skeletal /voluntary/striated

Answer 11

• muscle cells are long, threadlike fibers with striations and many nuclei per cell
• attached to bones , producing controlled body movements

Question 12

smooth/involuntary/non-striated

Answer 12

– visceral muscle tissue without striations

Question 13

cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 13

– striated, involuntary and branched muscle cells with intercalated disks that help the heart contract as one whole unit

Question 14

Nervous tissues

Answer 14

• provide rapid communication between body structures and control of body functions. Neurons and glial cells comprise nervous tissue.

Question 15

TYPES OF BODY MEMBRANES

Answer 15

I. EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES
II. CONNECTIVE TISSUE MEMBRANES

Question 16

EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES

Answer 16

Composed of epithelial tissue (groups of epithelial cells) and an underlying layer of connective tissue

Question 17

CONNECTIVE TISSUE MEMBRANES

Answer 17

Composed exclusively of connective tissue.
No epithelial cells are present

Question 18

THREE TYPES OF EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES

Answer 18

1. CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE
2. SEROUS MEMBRANES
3. MUCOUS MEMBRANES

Question 19

CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE - Skin

Answer 19

• The primary organ of the integumentary system.
• The largest and one of the most important organs of the body.
• Heaviest organ of the body (16% of body weight)
• Has a superficial layer of epithelial cells and a supportive connective tissue underneath.

Question 20

SEROUS MEMBRANES

Answer 20

Composed of a thin layer of simple squamous epithelium and a basement membrane that holds and supports the epithelial tissue.
A single, continuous sheet lining body cavities and covering organs in those surfaces.
Secrete a thin, watery fluid that helps reduce friction and acts as a lubricant when organs rub against one another or against the walls of the cavity.

Question 21

Types of Serous Membranes:

Answer 21

. Parietal pleura
. Visceral pleura
. Parietal peritoneum
. Visceral peritoneum
. Visceral Pleura
. Parietal Pleura

Question 22

Parietal pleura

Answer 22

– membrane forming the inside lining the thoracic cavity

Question 23

Visceral pleura

Answer 23

– membrane covering the lungs

Question 24

Parietal peritoneum

Answer 24

– membrane forming the inside lining the abdominal cavity

Question 25

Visceral peritoneum

Answer 25

– membrane covering the organs found in the abdominal cavity

Question 26

Visceral Pleura

Answer 26

– membrane that surrounds the lungs

Question 27

Parietal Pleura

Answer 27

– membrane that forms the inner lining of the thoracic cavity

Question 28

MUCOUS MEMBRANES

Answer 28

. Line body surfaces opening directly to the exterior such as membranes lining the respiratory, digestive, urinary & reproductive tracts
. Epithelium secretes a thick, slimy material called mucus that keep the membranes moist and soft
. Epithelium is stratified squamous or simple columnar with a fibrous connective tissue underneath called lamina propria

Question 29

CONNECTIVE TISSUE MEMBRANES

Answer 29

. Do not contain epithelial tissue
. Synovial membranes are connective tissue membranes.
. These membranes line joint capsules and secrete a thick, colorless lubricating fluid called synovial fluid that reduces the friction between opposing bone surfaces in movable joints