Tissues Flashcards
Four basic types of tissue
1.) Epithelial
2.) Connective
3.) Muscular
4.) Nervous
What are the four structural characteristics of epithelial tissue?
1.) Cuboidal
2.) Squamous
3.) Columnar
4.) Pseudostratified
what is simple mean in epithelial tissue
one layer
what does stratified in epithelial tissue
2 or more layers
What is the main function of cuboidal and columnar tissue?
secretion and absorption
propel mucus or reproductive cells
what is the function of squamous tissue?
Diffusion and filtration
the main characteristics of epithelial tissue (6)
cellularity
cell junctions
polarity
supported by CT
avascular but innervated
regeneration
what is cellularity
composed almost entirely of cells
what are specialized cell junctions
adjacent epithelial cells are directly joined at many points by special cell junctions
what is polarity
the epithelial tissue has a free apical surface and attached basal surface that differ in structure and functions
what is avasucular
no blood flow (no veins)
what is innervated
nerves are within
what is exocrine glands do
they carry products to the surface
what do endocrine glands do
produce hormones that are released into the extracellular space
what are the 4 main classes of CT
1.) connective tissue proper
2.) cartilage
3.) bone tissue
4.) blood
what cells are in connective tissue proper
fibrocytes and fibriblasts
what cells are in cartilage
chondrocytes and chondroblasts
what cells are in bone tissue
osteocytes and osteoblasts
what cells are in the blood
red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix
what are the two types of CT proper
1.) loose
2.) dense
what types are loose CT
1.) Areolar
2.) Adipose
3.) Reticular
what are the types of dense CT
1.) Irregular
2.) Regular
3.) Elastic
what is the function of areolar CT
support and bind to other tissues
hold body fluids
defended body against infection
storing nutrients as fat
what are the functions of adipose CT?
storing nutrients as fat
surrounds and protects organ
what is the function of reticular CT?
for an internal skeleton and provide structural support
what is the function of irregular CT
withstands tension and provides structural support
what is the function of regular CT
withstand tension and attached to ligaments and tendons
what is the function of elastic CT
allows tissue to recoil
pulsate flow through arteries
aids in passive recoil of lungs the following inspiration
what is cartilage CT tissue?
resists compression and tension
provides support
consists of cells separated by a matrix containing fibers, ground substance, and tissue fluid
what are the types of cartilage CT?
1.) Hyaline
2.) Elastic
3.) Fibrocartilage
what is the function of hyaline cartilage?
support and reinforcement
serves as resilient cushion
resists compressive stress
what is the function of elastic cartilage?
maintain shape while allowing great flexibility
what is the function of fibrocartilage?
absorb compressive shock
what is bone CT?
provides support and protection
what is the function of blood CT?
transports respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, cells
what is the cutaneous membrane?
skin
an outer epithelium is a think epidermis with an inner CT dense dermis
what is mucous membrance
lines the inside of any organ that opens to the outside of the body
what is the serous membrane?
slippery membranes that line the closed pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities.
what is the function of muscle tissues?
body movements
what are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
1.) skeletal
2.) cardiac
3.) smooth
what is the function of nervous tissue?
transmit signals from sensory receptors and to effectors
what do dendrites do
processes that extend from the cell body that transmit signals towards the cell body
what do axons do
long process that extends from the cell body to transmit signals away from the cell
what does neuroglia do
nonconducting cells that nourish, insulate, and protect neurons
