Tissues Flashcards
Types of epithelium
simple and compound
Simple epithelium
squamous
Diffusion
tiles like, flat, pavement, tessellated
Present at: alveoli and blood vessels, loop of henle, bowman’s capsule, coelom, inner cheeks
Cubical
Secretion, absorption and reproduction
cubical in shape
present at: salivary and pancreatic duct, thyroid follicle, tubular part of kidney, lining of testis and ovary
proximal tubule of kidney- brush bordered
Columnar
Secretion and absorption
intestine, stomach, gall bladder
brush bordered- intestinal mucosa
ciliated- respiratory tract, fallopian tube, uterine wall, lining of ventricles and central canal of spinal cord
ciliated
bronchi, bronchioles, fallopian tube
ventricle of brain and spinal cord- ependyma
pseudostratified
ciliated- trachea and bronchi
simp. columnar- male urethra, parotid gland
Glandular
goblet cell - alimentary canal- unicellular
human intestine- simple
pancreas and salivary- compound
Types of glands
exocrine (ducts present), holocrine (cell burst to release secretions eg; sebaceous glands), apocrine, endocrine (ductless) and merocrine (secretion released by exocytosis)
Specialized epithelium
neuro ep.- sensory
myo ep.- contractile due to prs. actin and myosin
Compound epethilium
Protection
stratified and transitional
Junctions
Gap junction
tight junction(zonula occludens)
Desmosomes (macula adherens)
Tight junctions/ zonula occludens
stope substances from leaking
fusion of plasma membrane at apical part form it
Gap junctions
help to communicate
connect cytoplasm
adhering junction/ macula adherens
cementing
are disc like junctions with intercellular protein
serve as anchoring junctions
tonofibrils are made of keratin like protein
eg- Desmosomes/ hemi desmosomes
Areolar Tissue
beneath the skin and join skin to muscles
around muscles, blood vessels, nerves
types of cells(fibroblast, macrophages, mast cells)
Adipose Tissue
around kidneys, below skin, mesentery, bone marrow
Types of cartilage
hyaline, white fibrous, yellow elastic, calcified
Types of cartilage
hyaline, white fibrous, yellow elastic, calcified
Hyaline
nasal septum
b/w ribs and sternum
in fetus
larynx
cartilaginous fishes
articulating surface bones
tracheal rings
White fibrous
intervertebral disc
pubic symphyses
Yellow elastic
tip of nose
ear pinna
epiglottis
eustachian tube
Calcified
shark vertebrae
pelvic girdle of frog
Types of bones
- Endochondral/ cartilaginous/ replacement bone
- Dermal/ investing/ membranous bone
- Sesamoid bone
Endochondral Bone
Ossification of cartilage
girdle except clavicle, humorous, vertebrae
Dermal Bone
Ossification of skin
Clavicle and skull bones
Sesamoid Bone
Ossification of tendon
patella (knee cap), pisiform (carpel bones)
Muscles
Skeletal
smooth/ visceral
cardiac
Skeletal Muscles
bicep, triceps, limbs, body wall, anterior part of esophagus
Smooth/ visceral Muscles
Around organs, gut, reproductive tract, urinary tract
cardiac Muscles
heart
Nervous tissue
Nerve cell, neuro glial, ependyma, neurosecretory
Types of neurons on basis of no. of cell processes
apolar, unipolar, bipolar, pseudopolar, multi polar
Apolar
cnidaria, ctenophore
Unipolar
embryos of vertebrae and invertebrae
Bipolar
Sensory organs: retina of eye, olfactory, internal ear
Pseudopolar
Dorsal root ganglia of spinal cord
Multipolar
parts of brain (cerebral and cortex)
On basis of function
receptor, motor, connector
sensory, afferent, receptor neuron
from sensory neuron to cns
Motor, efferent, effector neuron
from cns to effector organ
connector, relaying, interneuron
from sensory neuron to motor neuron
Glial cells
Microglial, microglial
