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PHYSIOLOGY 101 > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What is a tissue

A

A tissue is a collection of cells that perform a similar function

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2
Q

4 basic types of tissue

A

Epithelia
Connective
Nerve
Muscular tissue

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3
Q

Germ cell has how many layers

A

3

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4
Q

Layers of the germ cell

A

Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm

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5
Q

Internal layer of the germ cell

A

Endoderm

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6
Q

External layer of the germ cell

A

Ectoderm

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7
Q

Middle layer of germ cell

A

Mesoderm

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8
Q

Epithelia cells do what ?

A

Cover or line all body cavities and tubes

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9
Q

Epithelia cells form the functional unit of

A

The functional unit of secretory glands

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10
Q

Why are epithelia cells called glandular epithelia

A

They form the functional unit of secretory glands

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11
Q

Characteristics of epithelia tissues

A

They do not have blood vessels but they soak up nutrients from neighboring connective tissues
. They have lot of nerves
They are good at self regeneration
Closely attached (like the tiles on the ground) to one another, thus forming a protective barrier.

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12
Q

Functions of epithelia tissue

A

To protect the tissue that like beneath it from radiation, physical trauma, pathogens
— to provide sensations
— filter the kidney
— form secretory glands

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13
Q

Epithelia is classified into

A

2: according to thickness
According to shape

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14
Q

Classification of epithelia according to thickness

A

Simple— one cell layer
Stratified— more than one layer of cell

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15
Q

Classification of epithelia according to shape:

A

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

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16
Q

The simplest epithelia

A

Is simple squamous

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17
Q

Location of simple squamous

A

Alveoli of lungs
Lining blood cavities
Lining blood vessels

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18
Q

Simple squamous has what type of nuclei

A

A disc shaped nuclei

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19
Q

Functions of simple squamous

A

Passive transport of gases and fluids

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20
Q

Simple cuboidal has what nucleus

A

Large spherical nucleus

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21
Q

Function of simple cuboidal

A

Secretion abs absorption

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22
Q

Location of simple cuboidal

A

Kidney tubules
Ovary surfaces
Secretory portions of glands

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23
Q

Simple columnar epithelia has 2 types

A

Ciliated columnar
Non ciliated columnar

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24
Q

Simple columnar has what nuclei

A

Oval nuclei

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25
Q

Functions of simple columnar

A

Absorbtion and secretion of mucus
Secretion of enzymes

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26
Q

Goblet cellls do what

A

Secrete mucus

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27
Q

Location of simple columnar

A

Digestive tract
Gall bladders

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28
Q

Stratified squamous epithelia functions

A

Protection

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29
Q

Location of stratified squamous epithelia

A

Oral cervix; oral cavity canal

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30
Q

Stratified squamous is found in areas of the body

A

That are subject to friction

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31
Q

Stratified cuboidal functions

A

Protection

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32
Q

Stratified cuboidal epithelia locations

A

Salivary glands
Sweat gland
Mammary gland

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33
Q

Stratified columnar epithelia functions

A

Protection

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34
Q

Stratified columnar location

A

It is rare in the body but found in small amount in males urethra

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35
Q

Pesudostratified columnar functions

A

Secretes mucus

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36
Q

Location of pseudostfatified

A

Lines of trachea

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37
Q

Translational epithelia also known as

A

Uroepithelial

38
Q

Functions of transitional epithelia

A

Stretching and protection

39
Q

Location of transitional epithelia

A

Bladder and part of urethra

40
Q

Connective tissues are ?

A

Tissues that connect the different parts of the body together

41
Q

Connective tissues has a major constituent

A

Extra cellular matrix
Fibers
Ground substance

42
Q

Functions of connective tissues

A

Support and binding of tissues
Storing nutrients as fats
Holding body fluid
Defending the body against infection

43
Q

Classification of connective tissues

A

Connective tissue Proper:
Loose: areolar, adipose, reticular
Dense: regular, irregular, elastic
2. Cartilage- hyaline
Elastic cartilage
Fibrocartilage
3. Bone: compact
Spongy bone
4. Blood

44
Q

Areolar is distributed

A

Under epithelia
Surrounds capillaries

45
Q

Areolar is a

A

Gel like matrix with all 3 fiber types

46
Q

Functions of areolar

A

It’s macrophages, phagocytize bacteria
Holds and convey tissue fluid
Helps to keep blood vessel in place

47
Q

Adipose is found

A

Under skin
Around kidneys
in breast
Within abdomen

48
Q

Reticular tissue functions

A

It’s supports other cells

49
Q

Reticular tissue location

A

Lymphoid organs
Bone marrow
Macrophages

50
Q

Dense. Irregular has primarily

A

Irregular arranged collagen fibers, some elastic fibers.

51
Q

Functions of dense irregular :

A

Elasticity and structural support

52
Q

Location of dense irregular tissue

A

Dermis of skin
Submucosa of digestive tract and joint

53
Q

Dense regular tissue location

A

Tendons
Ligaments

54
Q

Tendons attach

A

Muscle to bones

55
Q

Ligaments attach

A

Bone to bones

56
Q

Dense reticular has primarily

A

Collagen fibers, a few elastin fibers

57
Q

Hyaline cartilage is

A

Amorphous but firm matrix

58
Q

Functions of hyaline cartilage

A

Resist compressive stress
Forms most of the embryonic skeleton
Support

59
Q

Location of hyaline cartilage

A

Embryonic skeleton
End of long bones
Cartilage of bones

60
Q

Elastic cartilage ?

A

Has elastic fibers

61
Q

Functions of elastic cartilage

A

Maintains Shape and allows flexibility

62
Q

Location of elastic cartilage

A

Supports the external ear pina

63
Q

Fibrocartilage ?

A

Has mostly collagen fibers

64
Q

Function of Fibrocartilage

A

Absorb shock
Compress shock
High tensile strength

65
Q

Location of Fibrocartilage

A

Disc of knee joint
Intervertebral disc

66
Q

Functions of blood

A

Transport respiratory gases, waste and other substances

67
Q

Location of blood

A

In the blood vessels

68
Q

Muscle tissue types

A

Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal

69
Q

Characteristics of muscle

A

Excitability
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity

70
Q

The ability to shorten when adequately stimulated

A

Contractility

71
Q

The defining property of muscle tissue

A

Contractility

72
Q

The ability to be stretched

A

Extensibility

73
Q

The ability to resume original position after being stretched

A

Elasticity

74
Q

Skeletal muscle has what nuclei

A

Multiple nuclei

75
Q

Is skeletal muscle striated

A

Yes. It has long striations

76
Q

Functions of skeletal muscle tissue

A

Contraction for voluntary movement.

77
Q

Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary

A

It’s voluntary

78
Q

Smooth muscle has what nucleus

A

Single nucleus

79
Q

Functions of smooth muscle

A

Propulsion of substances along internal passage ways

80
Q

Location of smooth muscle tissue

A

Found in the walls of internal organs ( blood vessels, stomach , digestive systems, tube of reproductive systems)

81
Q

Cardiac muscle are not striated true or false

A

False . It has cross striations

82
Q

Smooth muscle have striations. True or false ?

83
Q

Function of cardiac muscle

A

Pumping of blood in the circulatory system

84
Q

Muscle tissues that are striated

A

Skeletal
Cardiac

85
Q

Muscle tissues with single nucleus

A

Cardiac
Smooth

86
Q

Muscle tissues with multiple nucleus

87
Q

Composition of nerve tissues ?

A

The nerve cells or neurons
The neuroglia

88
Q

Locations of neurons

A

Brain, spinal cord and nerves

89
Q

Functions of Neurons

A

Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors to effectors

90
Q

Functions of glial cells

A

They carry nutrients
Speed repair
Provide myelin sheath for axons

91
Q

The epithelia membrane that lines the body cavities that are exposed to the outside of the body is called

A

Mucous membrane

PHYSIOLOGY 101 (6 decks)

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