Tissues

Question 1

Tissue

Answer 1

A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a common function

Question 2

What are the 4 types of tissue

Answer 2

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 3

Epithelial tissue

Answer 3

Epithelium is a tissue consisting of closely packed cells that cover the surfaces of the body and lines it’s cavities

Question 4

Examples of epithelial tissue use

Answer 4

Secretion, absorption, sensory, or transport

Question 5

Characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 5

Cells are closely packed with little matrix material
Cells rest on a basement membrane
No blood supply
Movement of supplies via diffusion and or osmosis

Question 6

Classification of epithelial tissue

Answer 6

The number of layers (simple - one layer of cells, stratified - two or more layers of cells)
Shape (squamous - cells are flat, cuboidal - cell height is same as cell width, columnar - cell height is greater than cell width)

Question 7

Modifications of epithelial tissue

Answer 7

Cillia

Question 8

Connective tissue

Answer 8

Connective tissues provide the body’s scaffolding and help bind various body structures together (e.g bone, tendons, cartilage, ligaments, fat, fascia)

Question 9

Characteristics of connective tissue

Answer 9

Cells of CT are typically separated by intercellular material (cells only make up a small portion of the tissue volume)
The intercellular matrix consists of fibres and ground substances, which determine the mechanical properties of the tissue
Connective tissues generally have a good blood supply

Question 10

Components of connective tissue

Answer 10

Ground substance - complex carbohydrates where the ground substance highly viscous. In bone the ground substance is mineralised

Question 11

Cells of connective tissue

Answer 11

Fibrocytes (secrete ground substance)

Adipocytes (store fat)

Mast cells (secrete histamine - can cause inflammation)

Macrophages & Lymphocytes (protective)

Question 12

Muscle tissue

Answer 12

It consists of cells that contain the contractile proteins, actin and myosin. They enable it’s cells to shorten and thus produce movement

Question 13

Types of muscle tissue

Answer 13

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

Question 14

Skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 14

• Cells elongated and have many nuclei
• Cells are striated in appearance and normally are under voluntary control
• Most are attached to and move bones of the skeleton, an exception is facial muscles.

Question 15

Cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 15

• Only in the heart
• Striated in appearance and are involuntary
• Forms networks of interconnected cells, joining one another it intercalated discs
• Can contract and relax without fatigue or stopping

Question 16

Smooth muscle tissue

Answer 16

• Spindle shaped, contain a single nucleus and are not striated
• Forms sheets and occurs in the walls of many internal organs (gut, uterus, blood vessels)
• Involuntary

Question 17

Nervous tissue

Answer 17

Consists of:
- Neurones, which are highly specialised cells that generate and transmit nerve impulses from one part of the body to another.
-Glial cells, support, insulate, and protect neurones
•vary in size and shape