Tissues

Question 1

simple squamous

Answer 1

single layer of flat cells
ex) capillaries, lungs

Question 2

simple cuboidal

Answer 2

single layer of cube-like cells
ex) liver, kidneys

Question 3

simple columnar

Answer 3

single layer of tall cells w/ mucus-producing goblet cells
ex) uterine wall, stomach

Question 4

goblet cells

Answer 4

release fluids to make environment smooth

Question 5

stratified squamous

Answer 5

multiple layers of flat cells
ex) esophagus

Question 6

transitional epithelium

Answer 6

stretchy tissue, stretches & shrinks
ex) bladder, urethra

Question 7

connective tissue

Answer 7

found everywhere in the body; most abundant & widely distributed tissue
- made up of fibers

Question 8

functions of connective tissue

Answer 8

• binds body tissues/organs together
• supports the body
• provides protection

Question 9

bone (osseous) tissue

Answer 9

hard matrix of calcium salts & collagen fibers
- protects & supports the body

Question 10

cartilage tissue

Answer 10

rubbery & flexible matrix
ex) larynx, ears, entire fetal skeleton prior to birth

Question 11

dense (fibrous) connective tissue

Answer 11

locations:
tendons - attach skeletal muscle to bone
ligaments - attach bone to bone at joints
dermis - lower layers of the skin

Question 12

areolar tissue

Answer 12

most widely distributed connective tissue
- soft & pliable tissue like “cobwebs”
- functions as a packing tissue, acts as glue & helps hold organs together
- resembles belly button lint (many things packed together)
ex) bone marrow, between skin & muscles

Question 13

adipose tissue

Answer 13

fat deposits
functions:
- insulates the body
- protects some organs
- serves as a site of fuel storage
ex) hips (cellulite), breasts

Question 14

blood (vascular) tissue

Answer 14

blood cells surrounded by a fluid matrix called plasma
- functions as the transport vehicle for materials

Question 15

muscle tissue

Answer 15

function - produces movement
structural unit - sarcomere

Question 16

sarcomere

Answer 16

basic unit of muscle fiber (causes contraction)

Question 17

skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 17

contracts to pull on bones
- voluntary
- striated (“striped”, allows it to contract)
- multi-nucleated (ability to repair itself)
- parallel

Question 18

cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 18

• involuntary
• striated
• one nucleus
• intercalated disks (help send nerve impulses through the heart)
• branched fibers (not parallel)

Question 19

smooth muscle

Answer 19

• involuntary
• non-striated
• one nucleus in the center
• spindle-shaped (pointed at each end)
  ex) digestive, urinary

Question 20

nervous tissue

Answer 20

function - conducts nerve impulses
- structural unit: neuron
- neurons & supporting cells make up the structures of the nervous system (ex. brain, spinal cord, nerves)

Question 21

cell body

Answer 21

organizes & keeps the cell functional

Question 22

dendrites

Answer 22

finger-like projections that receive sensory input & transmit the signal through the axon to the cell body

Question 23

axon

Answer 23

generates impulse in the neuron