Tissues Flashcards
epithelial tissue
forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters, lubricate, digestion, transportation, excretion, sensory reception, reproduction
muscle tissue
contracts to cause movement
nervous tissue
internal communication
connective tissue
supports, protects, binds other tissues together (bones, tendons, fats, other soft padding tissue)
2 types of epithelial tissue
glandular and lining
features of epithelial tissue
closely packed, many cell junctions, little ECM, sits on a basement membrane, avascular, good nerve supply, high mitotic rate
simple squamous
single layer of flat cells; sparse cytoplasm; materials can diffuse, filter secrete lubricants; air sacs of lungs
simple cuboidal/columnar
more cytoplasm, good for secretion and absorption, may have cilia, kidney tubules and digestive tract lining
pseudostratified columnar
different heights of somata, mucus secretion and propulsion, ciliated in trachea and upper respiratory tract
stratified squamous
thick protective layer, skin epidermis, vagina, esophagus, mouth
transitional
stratified squamous and cuboidal, stretchy , bladder
holocrine
cell lyses to secrete substance (sebaceous gland)
mesocrine
exocytosis to secrete substance (pancreas, sweat, salivary)
2 types of exocrine glands
simple duct
compound duct
both may be tubular or alveolar
types of connective tissue
muscle, bone, blood, lymph, cartilage, connective tissue proper
3 types of dense connective tissue
elastic, regular, irregular
3 types of loose connective tissue
areolar, reticular, adipose
features of connective tissue
nerve supply, vascular (except cartilage and tendons), more ECM than epithelia.
3 types of fibers
collagen, elastic, reticular
areolar loose connective tissue
surrounds organs, fibroblasts, all 3 fiber types, contains macrophages, important for inflammation response, lamina propia
adipose loose connective tissue
cushioning, insulation, food source. Example: mammary tissue. nucleus pushed to the side by fat droplets, located in hypodermis
reticular loose connective tissue
soft internal skeleton, spleen, lymph organs
dense connective tissue regular
tendons, ligaments, unidirectional tensile strength
dense connective tissue irregular
capsule for joints, multidirectional tensile strength
dense connective tissue elastic
flexible, coverings of large arteries
hyaline cartilage
forms structure of nose, trachea, larynx, costal cartilage on ribs, has lots of collagen fibers. supports, cushions, reinforces. Cell is the chondrocytes/blasts
3 types of cartilage
hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic
elastic cartilage
stretchy but maintains structure, pinna of ear
fibrocartilage
tensile strength wit shock absorption, intervertebral discs, knee discs
bone
hard, calcified matrix. Produces blood cells in marrow, stores minerals and fat, structural support, lever for skeletal muscles, well vascularized
myofilaments
bring about movement or contraction of cells to create change in body/organ
skeletal muscle
long, striated cylindrical multinucelate cells, voluntary movement, attached to bones or sometimes skin
cardiac muscles
involuntary. branching, striated, uninucleate that interdigitate at specialized junctions (intercalated discs). propels blood into circulation as it contracts. located in walls of heart
smooth muscle
involuntary, no striations, spindle shaped cells with central nuclei, cells closely arranged to form sheets. propels substances like food, urine, a baby along internal passageways. found in most walls of hollow organs
