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Anatomy And Tissue Structure > Tissue Types And Structure > Flashcards

Tissue Types And Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What is a tissue?

A

A group of similar cells that usually have common embryonic origins and function together to perform specialised functions

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2
Q

What are the 4 basic types of tissue?

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

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3
Q

What layer of the embryo dies nervous tissue come from?

A

Outside

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4
Q

What layer of the embryo does epithelial tissue come from?

A

Inside, outside and middle

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5
Q

What layer of the embryo does connective and muscle tissue come from?

A

Middle

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6
Q

What are the 5 types of cell junctions?

A 
Tight
Adherens 
Desmosome
Hemidesmosome
Gap
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7
Q

What are the features of a tight junction?

A

Impermeable seal between two cells so no molecules can pass through
Runs around the circumference of a cell
Proteins that fuse together of the outer surface

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8
Q

What is the role of a tight junction?

A

Inhibit the passage of substances between cells and prevent the contents of these organs leaking into the blood or surrounding tissue

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9
Q

What are the features of an adherens junction?

A

Contain plaque which attaches both the membrane proteins and microfilaments to the cytoskeleton

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10
Q

What is the role of adhrenes junctions?

A

Hold skin together manually by joining cadherins

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11
Q

What are the features of desmosome junctions?

A

They have plaque which attaches to elements of the cytoskeleton

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12
Q

What is the role of desmosome junctions?

A

Structural and contributes to stability of the cells. Link adjacent cells

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13
Q

What are the features of hemidesmosome junctions?

A

Has intermediate filament, plaque and transmembrane glycoprotein

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14
Q

What is the role of hemidesmosome?

A

Connect base of a cell to a lamina.

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15
Q

What are the features of a gap junction?

A

Gaps between cells of 1.5nm connected by connexons

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16
Q

What is the role of a gap junction?

A

Allow very small molecules to pass between

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17
Q

What are the 4 types of tissue?

A

Nervous
Epithelial
Muscle
Connective

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18
Q

What is the role of a nervous tissue?

A

Detect internal and external changes in condition and act to maintain homeostasis

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19
Q

What are the main cell types of a nervous tissue?

A

Neurones

Neutoglia

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20
Q

What are the main parts of a neuron?

A

Cell body
Dendrites
Axons

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21
Q

What is a nerve cell responsible for?

A

Self awareness

22
Q

What are examples are the autonomic nervous system?

A

Heart rate, eye construction

23
Q

What are the 3 types of muscles tissue?

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

24
Q

Which type of muscle is voluntary?

25
Q

What are the features of skeletal muscles?

A

Long, cylindrical cells with many nuclei
Striated appearance
Attached to bones (usually)
Voluntary

26
Q

What are features of cardiac muscle?

A

Only found in walls of the heart
Striated
Involuntary
Cells joined end to end by intercalated discs

27
Q

What are the features of smooth muscle?

A

No striations
Central nucleus
Cells thick in the middle and taper either side
Found in walls of hollow structures eg lungs

28
Q

What are the features of epithelium tissue?

A

Forms continuous sheets
Acascular
Innervated

29
Q

What are the functions of epithelium tissue?

A

Covers body surfaces
Lines hollow organs
Forms glands

30
Q

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium?

A

Filtration of exchange via diffusion

31
Q

Where are simple squamous epithelium found?

A

Kidneys, capillary, alveoli

32
Q

What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Secretion and absorption

33
Q

Where are simple cuboidal epithelium found?

A

Small glands, kidney tubules

34
Q

What is the function of a non ciliated simple columnar epithelium ?

A

Absorption and secretion

35
Q

Where are non ciliated simple columnar epithelium found?

A

Digestive tract, gall bladder , excretory gland

36
Q

What is the function of a ciliated simple columnar epithelium?

A

Moves mucus in the lungs

Eggs down the Fallopian tube

37
Q

Where are ciliated simple columnar epithelium found?

A

Upper respiratory tract, Fallopian tubes

38
Q

What is the function of a stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Protection from abrasion

39
Q

Where are stratified squamous epithelium found?

A

Oesophagus

Skin

40
Q

What is the function of a stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

Protection, secretion and absorption

41
Q

Where are stratified cuboidal epithelium found?

A

Large ducts of glands

42
Q

What is the function of a stratified columnar epithelium?

A

Protection and secretion

43
Q

Where are stratified columnar epithelium found?

A

Urethra, small glands, salivary gland

44
Q

What is the function of transitional epithelium?

A

Permits distension

45
Q

Where are transitional epithelium found? Yes

A

Urinary bladder and ureters

46
Q

What are the 3 ways cells can secrete?

A

Merocrine secretion
Apocrine secretion
Holocrine secretion

47
Q

What are the 5 types of connective tissue?

A 
Loose
Dense
Cartilage
Bone
Blood
48
Q

What are the function of connective tissue?

A

Supports and bonds together other tissue
Protects internal organs
Transport system and immune (blood)

49
Q

What is the function of adipose tissue (CT)?

A

Energy storage

50
Q

What are the 3 types of protein fibres?

A

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

51
Q

What are the properties of collagen?

A

Non elastic, string and flexible

52
Q

What is the role of loose CT areoles?

A

Surrounds blood vessels and nerves

Anatomy And Tissue Structure (4 decks)

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