Body Systems Flashcards
What is a tissue?
A group of similar cells that usually have common embryonic origins and functions together to perform specialised functions.
Describe the levels of organisation levels of an organism
Chemical level Cellular level Tissue level Organ level System level Organism level
What are the 11 body systems?
Integument Skeletal Muscular Cardiovascular Lymphatic and immune Endocrine Nervous Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive
What are the components of the integument system?
Skin
Hair
Nails
Sweet and oil glands
What’s is the function of integument system?
Protection against mechanical injury, infection, dehydration and thermoregulation
Uses sunlight to produce vitamin D
Detection of touch for social activity
Sweating
What are the components of the skeletal system?
Bones
Joints
Cartilages
What is the function of skeletal system?
Support and protection
Muscle attachment
Bone marrow for red blood cells
What are the components are the muscular system?
Skeletal muscle
What are the functions of the muscular system?
Enables movement
Stabilises body position
Generates heat
What are the components of the cardiovascular system?
Blood
Heart
Blood vessels
What’s the function of the cardiovascular system?
Transports gases, nutrients, waste and hormones Regulates water and temperature White blood cells for defence Repair of tissue Blood clots to prevent blood loss
What are the components of the lymphatic and immune system?
Lymphatic fluid Lymphatic vessels/nodes Bone marrow Spleen Thymus Tonsils
What are the functions are lymphatic and immune system?
Returns proteins and fluid to the blood
Carries lipids from GI tract to the blood
Protect against disease and cancer as lymph nodes have white blood cells
Lymphatic fluid formed from tissue fluid
What are the components of the endocrine system?
Hormone producing glands
What are the functions are the endocrine system?
Co ordinates body functions
Releases hormones from gland to have an effect on target organs
Acts on system to prepare for what you need to do
What does the pituitary gland aid?
Growth
What does the thyroid gland secrete?
Thyroxin
What does the adrenal gland secrete?
Adrenaline
What does the pancreases secrete?
Glucose
What are the components of the nervous system?
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Sense organs
What is the function of the nervous system?
Generated nerve impulses to regulate body activity
Detects and responds to stimuli
Initiate muscle contraction or gland secretion
What are the components of the respiratory system?
Lungs and airways
Pharynx and larynx
Trachea, bronchioles and alveoli
What are the functions of the respiratory system?
Gaseous exchange
Regulates acid balance of body fluids
Sound when air passes through vocal cords
What are the components of the digestive system?
GI tract: Mouth Pharynx Oesophagus Stomach Intestines
Accessory: Salivary gland Gall bladder Liver Pancreas
What is the function of the digestive system?
Physical and chemical breakdown of food
Absorbs nutrients
Eliminates solid waste
Liver produces bile which is held in the gall bladder
What are the components are the urinary system?
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
What are the components of the reproductive system?
Female: Ovaries Uterus Fallopian tubes Vagina
Male: Testes Epididymis Vas Deferens Penis
What is the function of the reproductive system?
Gamete production
Hormones release: regulates reproduction and body changes in puberty
