Tissue helminths Flashcards
What are filariae?
threadlike (Filum = thread)
tissue-invasive
roundworms
transmitted by insect vectors
Wuchareria bancrofti and Brugia malaya: What is the vector? Where are the adults located? Where are the microfilariae located? Is there a temporal pattern of the microfilariae?
Vectors: mosquitoes
Adults: in the lymphatics
Microfilariae: in the blood (esp. at night)
Loa Loa: What is the vector? Where are the adults located? Where are the microfilariae located? Is there a temporal pattern of the microfilariae?
Vector: Chrysops flies
Adults: located in SQ tissue (moving!)
microfilariae: in blood (peak at day)
Onchocerciasis: What is the vector? Where are the adults located? Where are the microfilariae located? Is there a temporal pattern of the microfilariae?
Vector: Blackflies
Adults: in the SQ tissue (nodules)
Microfilariae: in the skin
How do you treat Lymphatic filariasis? What do you avoid?
Treat with DEC
How do you treat Loa Loa? What do you avoid?
treat with DEC
avoid DEC and Ivermectin if high mf level: will have encephalopathy and death.
How do you treat onchoceriasis? What do you avoid?
treat with ivermectin
Avoid DEC - will have severe skin inflammation and blindness
What are the three things that cause lymphatic filariasis?
W. bancrofti
Brugia malaya
Brugia timori
What are the clinical manifestations of Lymphatic filariasis?
asymptomatic
lymphangitis (retrograde)
Lymphatic obstruction
Tropical pumonary eosinophilia
What does Onchocerciasis cause?
river blindness
What is the vector of Onchocerciasis?
Blackflies: Simulium spp.
What are clinical manifestations of Onchoceriasis
Skin: nodules (full of rolled up worms), pruritis, rash, depigmentation (super itchy!)
Eyes: keratitis, chorioretinitis
Lymphatic obstruction
