Tissue Fluid and Lymph

Question 1

function of blood

Answer 1

• transport o2 and co2
• hormone transport
• carry platelets
• antibodies

Question 2

components blood

Answer 2

plasma 55%
rbc
wbc
platelets

Question 3

what is plasma

Answer 3

yellow liquid in blood that transports rbc/wbc and platlets

Question 4

what else does plasma carry

Answer 4

Dissolved glucose and amino acids
mineral ions
hormones
large plasma proteins (albumin, fibrinogen and globulins)

Question 5

role of albium

Answer 5

maintaining the osmotic potential of the blood

Question 6

role fibrinogen

Answer 6

blood clotting

Question 7

role protein globulins

Answer 7

transport
immune system

Question 8

func rbc

Answer 8

carry o2 to cells

Question 9

what are platelets + role

Answer 9

fragments of cells called megakaryocytes found in bone marrow
blood clotting

Question 10

function blood

Answer 10

transport:
02 to cells
co2 away cells
cells and antibodies involved in the immune response

maintain steady body temp
buffer minimise pH changes

Question 11

how is oncotic pressure produced

Answer 11

1) substances dissolved in plasma pass through the capillary walls (except large plasma proteins)

2) plasma proteins (albium) give the blood in the capillaries a relatively high solute potential (relatively low water potential) compared to surrounding fluid

3) water move into the blood in the capillaries from the surrounding fluid by osmosis (this is called oncotic pressure and is about -3.3 kPa)

Question 12

what creates hydrostatic pressure

Answer 12

pressure of blood from pumping of heart

Question 13

tissue fluid formation

Answer 13

1) arterial end capillary with high hydrostatic pressure being greater than oncotic forcing fluid out of capillaries

2) fluid fills spaces between cells

Question 14

what is tissue fluid for

Answer 14

diffusion between blood and cells

Question 15

what occurs at venous end capillary

Answer 15

hydrostatic pressure fallen to 2.3kpa as fluid moved out and pulse lost

oncotic pressure still -3.3 so stronger

water enters capillary via osmosis

Question 16

composition of lymph

Answer 16

less oxygen nutrients
many lymphocytes
fatty acids

Question 16

what is lymph

Answer 16

tissue fluid that doesnt re-enter capillaries is drained into tubes called lymph capillaries

Question 17

why are fatty acids in lymph

Answer 17

absorbed into lymph from villi small intestine

Question 18

what happens to tissue fluid not reabsorbed

Answer 18

tissue fluid directed into lymph capillaries
fluid transported by squeezing body muscles
lymph drains into right and left subclavian veins

Question 19

what are lymph nodes

Answer 19

swellings at intervals in lymphatic system aalong lymph vessels

Question 20

what happens at lymph nodes

Answer 20

lymphocytes build up when needed and produce antibodies to enter blood
intercept pathogens washed into lymph and ingest

Question 21

function tissue fluid

Answer 21

surrounds cells and supplies them with the oxygen and nutrients they require

blood plasma leaks it carries all the dissolved substances into the tissue fluid