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Biologie > Tiroida si Paratiroidele > Flashcards

Tiroida si Paratiroidele Flashcards

1
Q

localizare tiroida

A

zona anterioara a gatului pe trahee

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2
Q

in ce tip de capsula se afla tiroida

A

capsula fibroasa numita loja tiroidei

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3
Q

cati lobi are tiroida

A

2 lobi

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4
Q

prin ce se unesc cei 2 lobi ai tiroidei

A

prin istmul tiroidian

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5
Q

cum se numeste testul secretor al tiroidei

A

parenchim glandular

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6
Q

ce tipuri de celule contine testutul secretor al tiroidei

A

celule epiteliale organizate in foliculi

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7
Q

ce se afla in interiorul foliculilor tiroidieni

A

coloid

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8
Q

cum este coloidul tiroidei

A

vascos si omogen

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9
Q

ce contine coloidul

A

tireoglobulina

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10
Q

ce este tireoglobulina

A

forma de depozit a hormonilor tiroidieni

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11
Q

care sunt hormonii tiroidieni

A

triiodotironina(T4) si tiroxina(T3)

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12
Q

ce structura are tireoglobulina

A

proteica

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13
Q

de cine este sintetizata tireoglobulina

A

celulele foliculare

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14
Q

ce molecule contine tireoglobulina

A

tirozina

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15
Q

ce molecule sunt iodate in tireoglobuline

A

moleculele de tirozina

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16
Q

ce rezulta din iodarea moleculelor de tirozina

A

hormonii tiroidieni(T4 si T3)

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17
Q

de unde se elibereaza hormonii tiroidieni

A

din coloid in sange

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18
Q

sub ce actiune se sintetizeaza si se elibereaza hormonii tiroidieni

A

Tsh hipofizar

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19
Q

ce celule se gasesc printre celulele foliculare

A

celulele C

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20
Q

ce secreta celulele C

A

Calcitonina

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21
Q

cum se mai numesc celulele C

A

parafoliculare

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22
Q

rolul hormonilor tiroidieni

A

cresc metabolismul bazal si consumul de energie

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23
Q

in ce procese au rol hormonii tiroidieni

A

procesele morfogenetice

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24
Q

ce prevad procesele morfogenetice

A

crestere, diferenta celulara si tisulara

25
Q

unde se manifesta cel mai intens procesele morfogenetice

A

La nivelul SN

26
Q

ce dau hormonii tiroidieni pe metabolismul glucidic

A

hiperglicemie

27
Q

ce dau hormonii tiroidieni pe metabolismul lipidic

A

hipocolesterol

28
Q

ce dau hormonii tiroidieni pe metabolismul proteic

A

catabolism

29
Q

ce dau hormonii tiroidieni pe aparatul cardio-vascular

A

creste forta si frecventa contractiilor cardiace, vasodilatate

30
Q

ce dau hormonii tiroidieni pe muschii scheletici

A

cresc tonusul, forta de contractie

31
Q

ce reflex accelereaza hormonii tiroidieni

A

reflexul miotatic

32
Q

ce dau hormonii tiroidieni pe aparatul respirator

A

amplitudinea si frecventa miscarilor respiratorii

33
Q

ce dau hormonii tiroidieni pe sn

A

mielinizarea, dezvoltarea normala a sinapselor si diferentierea neuronala

34
Q

hipofunctia tiroidiana la copil

A

cretinismul tiroidian, indivizii sunt mici de statura si intelectul este afectat

35
Q

hipofunctia tiroidiana la adult

A

diminuarea a atentiei, memoriei si a capacitatii de invatare

36
Q

ce survine in urma hipofunctiei

A

procesele energetice sunt scazute,metabolismul bazal este scazut, tesutul imbibat cu edem mucos(mixedem, piele uscata, ingrosata se produce senzatia de frig, caderea parului

37
Q

hiperfunctia tiroidiana

A

creste metabolismul bazal +100%, tulburari functionale, exoftalmie,

38
Q

cand survine gusa endemica

A

in hipofunctie datorita prezenta in alimente a unor substante gusogene

39
Q

ce produc substantele gusogene

A

hipertrofia glandei doar in regiunile sarace iin iod

40
Q

ce hormoni secreta cel C

A

Calcitonina

41
Q

unde se afla celulele c

A

in tiroida si paratiroide

42
Q

cum este calcitonina

A

hipocalcemiant

43
Q

rolul calcitoninei

A

ajuta la fixarea Ca2 in oase

44
Q

locatie paratiroide

A

fata posterioara a tiroidei

45
Q

cate glande sunt paatiroidele

A

4

46
Q

ce tipuri de celule contin paratioidele

A

celule principale si celule parafoliculare

47
Q

ce secreta celulele principale ale paratiroidei

A

parathormonul

48
Q

ce secreta celulele parafoliculare

A

calcitonina

49
Q

cu ce celule se aseamna celulele parafoliculare ale paratiroidelor

A

cu celulele C de la tiroida

50
Q

asupra cui actioneaza hormonul

A

osul, rinichiul si tractul digestiv

51
Q

activitatea carei vitamine o controleaza parathormonul

A

vitamina D3

52
Q

care sunt efectele conjugate ale parathormonului

A

hipercalcemia si hipofosfatemia

53
Q

rolul parathormonului

A

activeaza osteoclastele, creste absorbtia intestinala a calciului, stimuleaza reabsorbtia tubulara in nefronul distal si inhiba reabsorbtia tubulara a hormonilor anorganici

54
Q

hipercalcemia la PTH

A

inhiba secretia de PTH

55
Q

hipocalcemia la PTH

A

stimuleaza secretia de PTH

56
Q

boala in hipersecretie

A

se rarefiaza oasele, calciul in exces din sange se depune pe tesuturi sau formeaza caliculi urinari

57
Q

ce sunt caliculii urinari

A

“pietre la rinichi”

58
Q

hipercalcemia

A

stimuleaza secretia de calcitonina

59
Q

care este rezultatul global al efectelor calcitoninei

A

hipocalcemia

Biologie (13 decks)

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