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Biologie > Hipofiza > Flashcards

Hipofiza Flashcards

1
Q

hormonii sun eliberati direct/indirect in sange

A

direct

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2
Q

hormonii actioneaza in apropiere/la distanta

A

la distanta

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3
Q

care sunt glandele endocrine

A

hipofiza, tiroida,suprarenalele,ovarul,testiculul,epifiza,timusul,paratiroidele

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4
Q

ce organ este temporar glanda

A

placenta

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5
Q

ce alte organe au celule cu rol endocrin

A

antrul piloric,duodenul si rinichiul

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6
Q

ce secreta antrul piloric

A

gastrina

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7
Q

ce secreta duodenul

A

6-8 hormoni cu rol in secretia digestiva

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8
Q

ce secreta rinichiul

A

eritropoietina

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9
Q

de cine este controlat sistemul endocrin

A

de sisteul nervos

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10
Q

pe ce cale este controlat sistemul endocrin

A

cale umorala

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11
Q

care este principalul rol al glandelor endocrine

A

reglarea metabolismului celular

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12
Q

unde este localizata hipofiza

A

la baza encefalului, inapoia chiasmei optice, pe seaua turceasca a osului sfenoid

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13
Q

cum i se mai spune hipofizei

A

glanda pituitara

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14
Q

cat cantareste hipofiza

A

500 mg

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15
Q

ce forma are hipofiza

A

rotunjita

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16
Q

ce diametru are hipofiza

A

1,3 cm

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17
Q

cati lobi are hipofiza

A

3

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18
Q

din cn e formata adenohipofiza

A

anterior+intermediar

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19
Q

din cn e formata neurohipofiza

A

lobul posterior

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20
Q

care este cel mai dezvoltat lob

A

anterior

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21
Q

ce procent constituie masa adenohipofizei

A

75%

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22
Q

ce procent constituie masa lobului intermediar

A

2%

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23
Q

ce forma are lobul intermediar

A

simpla lama epiteliala

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24
Q

ce procent constituie masa lobului posterior

A

23%

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25
Q

ce relatii sunt intre hipotalamus si hipofiza

A

anatomice si functionale

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26
Q

prin ce se leaga hipotalamusul de hipofiza, anatomic

A

prin tija pituitara

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27
Q

intre ce regiuni se afla legatura vasculara si ce denumire poarta

A

intre regiunea mediana a hipotalamusului si adenohipofiza si poarta numele de sistem port hipotalamo-hipofizar

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28
Q

de cn a fost studiat sistemul port

A

Unna Filding si Grigore Popa

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29
Q

intre ce regiuni se afla regiunea nervoasa si ce enumire poarta

A

intre reginea anterioara a hipotalamusului si neurohipofiza si poarta numele de tract nervos hipotalamo-hipofizar

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30
Q

prin intermediul carei glande sn controleaza sist endocrin

A

hipofiza

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31
Q

unde este situata adenohipofiza

A

anterior, dar se intinde si posterior inconjurand aproape complet neurohipofiza

32
Q

ce hormoni secreta adenohipofiza

A

glandulotropi si nonglandulotropi

33
Q

care sunt hormonii nonglandulotropi

A

STH si prolactina

34
Q

care sunt hormonii glandulotropi

A

Fsh,LH,TSH,ACTH

35
Q

cum mai este denumit hormonul sth

A

somatotrop,al cresterii

36
Q

ce stimuleaza sth

A

hormonii tiroidieni si gonadici si cresterea organismului

37
Q

impreuna cu cn stimuleaza

A

cu insulina

38
Q

ce stimuleaza Sth la oase

A

condrogeneza, cresterea in lungime a oaselor

39
Q

cum sunt efectele sth

A

indirecte prin somatomedine

40
Q

ce produce sth dupa pubertate

A

ingrosarea oaselor lungi si lungirea oaselor late

41
Q

sth stimuleaca cresterea

A

viscerelor si muschilor,dar nu a creierului

42
Q

retentia caror ioni este data de sth

A

Ca Na P K

43
Q

hipersecretia sth la copil

A

gigantismul, individul are 2 m si cresc exagerat extremitatile, intelectul nu este afectat

44
Q

hipersecretia sth la adult

A

acromegalia, cresterea exagerata a oaselor fetei,a mandibulei, ingrosarea buzelor,cresterea viscerelor,maini si picioare de lopata

45
Q

hiposecretia sth la copil

A

piticism hipofizar, indivizi de 1,20-1,30, dezvoltati proportional si cu intelect normal

46
Q

prolctina cum se mai numeste

A

mamotrop sau luteotrop(LTH)

47
Q

ce stimuleaza prolsctina

A

producerea laptelui la nivelul glandei mamare, stimulata de progesteron si hormoni estrogeni

48
Q

ce inhiba prolactina

A

activitatea gonadotropa si previne ovulatia

49
Q

de ce este stimulata secretia prolactinei in afara sarcinei

A

efort fizic, stres chirurghical,stres psihic,somn si hipoglicemie

50
Q

prolactina in sarcina

A

creste gradat, atinge un varf la nastere si apoi dupa 8 zile revine la nv normal

51
Q

ce determina cresterea temporara a prolactinei dupa sarcina

A

suptul

52
Q

adrenocorticotrop

A

stimuleaza activitatea secretorie a corticosuprarenalei

53
Q

ce creste acth

A

concentratia sangvina a hormonilor glucocorticoizi si sexosteroizi

54
Q

asupra cui efectele acth sunt reduse

A

mineralocorticoizi

55
Q

ce stimuleaza acth direct

A

melanogeneza in cel pigmentare

56
Q

hipersecretia acth

A

produce efectele excesului de glucocorticoizi cat si efectele melanocitostimulante-diabet bronzat

57
Q

hiposecretia acth

A

efectele produse de deficitul de glucocorticoizi

58
Q

hipersecretia tsh

A

hipertiroidism, Basedow

59
Q

hiposecretia tsh

A

hipotiroidism, cretinism

60
Q

care sunt hormonii gonadotropi si ce controleaza

A

fsh si lh, ei controleaza gonadele

61
Q

fsh la barbat

A

dezvoltarea tubilor seminiferi si spermatogeneza

62
Q

lh la barbat

A

stimuleaza secretia de androgeni de catre celulele Leydig

63
Q

fsh la femei

A

cresterea si maturarea folicului de Graaf si secretia de estrogeni

64
Q

lh la femei

A

stimuleaza ovulatia siaparitia corpului galben, a carui secretie o stimuleaza hormonii estrogeni si progesteron

65
Q

ce hormon secreta

lobul intermediar

A

MSH

66
Q

ce precursor are MSH

A

ACTH

67
Q

cine inhiba secretia de MSH

A

un hormon secretat de hipofiza

68
Q

care sunt hormonii eliberati de neurohipofiza

A

vasopresina si oxitocina

69
Q

cum mai este denumit vasopresina

A

ADh, antidiuretic

70
Q

vasopresina ce are ca ctiune

A

are ca actiune cresterea absorbtiei facultative a apei la nivelul tubilor distali si colectori

71
Q

cum contribuie vasopresina

A

reduce activitatea tuturor glandelor exocrine astfel reduce pierderea apei la niv organismului

72
Q

hipersecretie ADH

A

vasoconstrictie

73
Q

hiposecretie ADH

A

pierderi mari de apa prin urina(20 de l in 24h)

74
Q

boala diabetul insipid

A

survine in urma leziunilor la hipotalamus sau neurohipofiza

75
Q

oxitocina ce stimuleaza

A

contractia musculaturii netede a uterului gravid, expulzia laptelui din glanda mamara

76
Q

ce celule stimuleaza oxitocina la nivelul glandei mamare

A

celulele mioepiteliale din jurul alveolelor

77
Q

in ce moment contracta uterul gravid oxitocina cel mai mult

A

in preajma travaliului

Biologie (13 decks)

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